Psychiatric disorders Flashcards
How many people have an mental illness?
1 in 3
What is the difference between physical and mental health?
-There are no physical symptoms -No scientific basis to diagnose-you have to diagnose based on symptoms cluster not pathology and there can be uncertainty about the diagnosis more -People often don’t perceive themselves as ill so can be reluctant to accept treatment -
What are 5 symptoms of a panic attack?
Sudden fear Heart racing Shaking Dry Mouth Lasts 10-15 mins
What are symptoms of anxiety?
Psychic: -Feeling of fear of dread -developing compulsions Physical: -Palptations -Sweating -Dry mouth -Splanchnic vasoconstriction(butterflies) -Tremor -Paraesthesia(pins and needles) Depersonalisation -Syncope
What kind of obsessions are associated with OCD ?
-Ego-dystonic thoughts -Repetitive circular ruminations -bizarre or sounds delusional -insight maintained -resistance of compulsion can lead to anxiety
Describe compulsions associated with OCD?
-Motor response to obsessional thoughts -Often ritualistic, stereotyped, precise e.g. handwashing, counting, arranging and symmetry, checking door locks -They will start again if interrupted
How can you classify anxiety?
Generalised anxiety disorder- feeling anxious all the time, affects everyday life Panic disorder- periods of anxiety Agoraphobia- scared of leaving home Simple Phobia- fear of one thing Social Phobia-fear of scrutiny and being in front of people and making a fool out of yourself -OCD -PTSD (may not be an anxiety classification)
What is being done about anxiety?
-Medication -IAPT-the largest open access talking therapies programme in the world(however it is heavily oversubscribed) -Psychological Therapy (different types)
What is cognitive behavioural therapy?
Sessions with a psychiatrist (individual or group) in which patient learns about there symptoms and how to combat them (especially good for simple Phobias)
Why would you see a patient at home?
-They would feel more comfortable there so more likely to be open and honest -depression saps your energy so they are unlikely to turn up for there appointment - You learn a lot about them by looking at there environment e.g looking in the fridge
What are the core 3 features of depression?
-pervasive low mood/sadness -loss of energy(anergia) -loss of enjoyment(anhedonia)
What are the physical symptoms of depression?
-Loss of appetite -Weight loss -Diurnal variation of mood -Poor sleep -Loss of libido Constipation Psychomotor slowing or agitation
What are psychological symptoms of depression?
-Poor concentration -Feelings of guilt -feelings of hopelessness -Low self esteem -indecisive -Suicidal ideation -Delusions
What are some suicide statistics?
- 6000 suicides in the UK annually -Most common cause of death in men aged 18-34 -Male to female ration is 3:1 -Hanging is the most common method -Most commonly associated with drug/alcohol use and depression
How can we treat depression?
Anti-depressants- response after 2-3 weeks Psychological therapies- e.g. CBT Social prescribing- exercise and company (as isolation can cause depression)
