Psychedelics (Final Exam)

Question 1

Major drug categories under hallucinogens are…

Answer 1

1. Psychedelics
   -classical psychedelics (serotonergic agonists): LSD, psilocybin, DMT, mescaline
2. Dissociatives
   -NMDA antagonists: PCP, ketamine, dextromethorphan
   -Kappa opioid receptor agonists: Salvinorin A
3. Deliriants

Question 2

Why are psychedelics not addictive?

Answer 2

because they have weak rewarding properties

Question 3

What do dissociatives do?

Answer 3

distort perceptions and produce feelings of detachment (dissociation) from the environment and self

Question 4

What do deliriants do?

Answer 4

produce a state of delirium, including stupor, confusion, and distorted memory

Question 5

deliriants are anticholinergics. What does that mean?

Answer 5

it is a drug that blocks the action of acetylcholine aka they are muscarinic receptor antagonists

Question 6

What are the two main classes of psychedelics?

Answer 6

1. Indolamine psychedelics (tryptamines)
   2.Phenethylamine Psychedelics

Question 7

What are indolamine psychedelics structurally similar to?

Answer 7

serotonin

Question 8

What are the natural and synthetic sources of tryptamines (indolamine psychedelics)?

Answer 8

Natural: psilocybin, DMT, and 5-MeO DMT

Synthetic: LSD (semisynthetic)

Question 9

What are phenethylamine psychedelics similar to?

Answer 9

catecholamines (DA, NE, Epi)

Question 10

What drug comes from the natural source of phenethylamine psychedelics?

Answer 10

mescaline

Question 11

What is the active psychoactive agent in mushrooms?

Answer 11

Psilocin

Question 12

What is Ayahuasca?

Answer 12

a drink that comes from at least two plants to provide DMT and beta-carboline

Question 13

What does LSD stand for?

Answer 13

lysergic acid diethlamide

Question 14

What is LSD derived from?

Answer 14

fungal alkaloids

Question 15

What is mescaline found in?

Answer 15

several species of cactus, specifically the peyote cactus

Question 16

How do people get mescaline from the peyote button?

Answer 16

chewed raw or cooked

Question 17

How long have magic mushrooms been in use?

Answer 17

for over 5000 years

Question 18

what schedule 1 drugs are used by indigenous people?

Answer 18

peyote and mescaline

Question 19

what fungus in rye or wheat does LSD come from?

Answer 19

ergot fungus

Question 20

who created LSD

Answer 20

Albert Hofmann