psych unit 6

Question 1

developmental psychology

Answer 1

Studying how people grow, develop at different life stages. Ex: studying the difference between emotional techniques in babies vs adults.

Question 2

zygote

Answer 2

fertalized eggs that attach to the uterine wall to become an embryo ex: the first stage in conception and rapidly divides.

Question 3

embryo

Answer 3

2-8 weeks after fertilization the embryo is developing into a fetus ex: surrounded by fluid-filled sac in uterus.

Question 4

fetus

Answer 4

prenatal development after the 8 weeks of conception.ex: an unborn offspring that develops and grows inside the uterus

Question 5

teratogens

Answer 5

a substance that is consumed that interferes with fetal development and cognitive disabilities
ex: drugs, alcohol and toxic substances for babys.

Question 6

fetal alcohol syndrome

Answer 6

when the fetus is affected by a mother that is drinking alcohol when pregnant. ex: results in abnormal conditions or diseases.

Question 7

habituation

Answer 7

when a child starts giving less attention or paying no attention after repeated exposure to a stimulus. ex: a child always being told to stop, which results in them being use to the word and not “stopping” when told

Question 8

maturation

Answer 8

developing of emotional/ social skills and completing of growth for a human. ex: maturing is knowing how to handle emotions responsibly

Question 9

cognition

Answer 9

how children explore think and figure life and other aspects out. ex: conscious and unconsious accumulation of knowledge

Question 10

schema

Answer 10

the structure of how one thinks. can effect what you pay attention to. ex: thinking of a dog, one will think of a framework or basic example.

Question 11

assimilation

Answer 11

Piaget defined assimilation as the cognitive process of fitting new information into existing cognitive schemas, perceptions, and understanding
ex: fitting a new experience of a new bird into ones schema of birds already

Question 12

accomidation

Answer 12

changing how we think of a schema to fit in new information ex: changing the way you think of someone based on actions theyve done when you learn that they saved a baby from a fire

Question 13

sensorimotor stage

Answer 13

the first stage. a child learns about the world by using their senses to interact with things. ex: brushing your hand in their palm, they will grasp it.

Question 14

object premence

Answer 14

the cognitive development of a baby when they recognize that when an object isnt seen, it is still existing. ex: hiding a toy behind your back and a baby knowing it didnt disappear and its still existing behind her/ in the world.

Question 15

preoperational stage

Answer 15

around age 7 children can think of things sumbolically
ex: a child roleplaying as a dad would know that a dad represents a parent that takes care of a child

Question 16

concrete operational stage

Answer 16

according to pigeat this has to do with conservation and logical reasoning
ex: a child knowing the cause and effect of throwing a toy, or knowing about liquid amounts in glasses

Question 17

formal operational stage

Answer 17

according to piagets theory, the stage of cognitive development is during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts.
ex: thinking of a hypotheses and sustematically testing it to have an answer to a problem

Question 18

scaffold

Answer 18

a framework that offers children temporary support as they develop hgher levels of thinking
ex: giving half of the definition for a vocabulary word until they can know it without the help.

Question 19

autism spectrum disorder

Answer 19

a disorder that appears in childhood. deficient in communication and social interactions
ex: repetitive behaviors caught as a child

Question 20

stranger anxiety

Answer 20

the fear of stranger danger that infants usually have.
ex: crying around random new faces

Question 21

attachment

Answer 21

an emotional tie wih another person. in younger people they seek to be close with caregiver
ex: showing distress when the person is gone, and being happy when they are around

Question 22

critical period

Answer 22

an optimal period early in life when exposure to certain stimuli produces normal development
ex: missing the critical period for language acquisition, then ending up having trouble later on in learning speech.

Question 23

imprinting

Answer 23

when an infant creates attachments during a critical period
ex: wanting to be around your mother because of the exposure when you were little

Question 24

strange situation

Answer 24

a behavior test developed Mary Ainsworth that is used to determine a childs attachement style
ex: sensitive moms having secure attached childern

Question 25

secure attachment

Answer 25

a relationship where the infant is comforted and confident from the presense of his hers caretaker
ex: crying when they leave, and being happy when theyre back

Question 26

insecure attachment

Answer 26

the attachment style for infants. insecure attachment is seen through avoiding contact with the caregiver.
ex: avoidant behavior towards caretakers.

Question 27

temperament

Answer 27

emotional reactions, the scale depends on the speed and intensity of emotional reactions
ex: a child quickly throwing a fit after not getting their way.

Question 28

basic trust

Answer 28

beliving that the person who is trused will do what is expected
ex: a baby smiling at you, and then you responding in a positive way

Question 29

self-concept

Answer 29

believing about yourself and the idea one has about themselves
ex: thinking to your self “i am a good sister because blah blah” and they recognize that

Question 30

aggression

Answer 30

the range of behaviors that can result in physical and psychological harm to you or others
ex: flipping a table when you miss a problem on a question

Question 31

relational aggression

Answer 31

harming relationships by bullying or manipulative behavior
ex: bullying someone to give you lunch money

Question 32

role

Answer 32

knowing everyone’s roles in your life
ex: knowing that your mom has the role of a mother to you

Question 33

gender roles

Answer 33

the behaviors women and men exhibit in private and public.
ex: how we are expected to act as women or as a man

Question 34

gender identity

Answer 34

perseptual concept of one knowing their gender
ex: i know that I am a girl.

Question 35

social learning theory

Answer 35

the thory that socal behavior is learned through observing and imitating the behavior of others
ex: a child learning not to yell or they will be in time out

Question 36

gender typing

Answer 36

when a child adopts behaviors and values that they belive is a part of their gender
ex:
i belive im a girl so im going to adopt the behaviors of a girl

Question 37

androgyny

Answer 37

characteristics of both genders that are expressed in a signle individual
ex: someone having values of a boy and girl

Question 38

transgender

Answer 38

a person switching genders
ex: a girl switching to a boy

Question 39

abolescence

Answer 39

the period following puberty during a young person develops a child into an adult
ex: a growth spurt in height

Question 40

puberty

Question 41

identity

Answer 41

to be self defined and characteristics that are not shared with others
ex: knowing who you are

Question 42

social identity

Answer 42

the way that peoples self concepts are based on membership in social groups
ex: if i were to be a weird person, im gonna hangout with other weird people

Question 43

intimacy

Answer 43

the ability to form close friendships and relationships
ex: showing someone your true self

Question 44

emerging adulthood

Answer 44

ages around 18-25 when teenagers develop into a young adult
ex: having a house, lover ect.

Question 45

X chromosome

Answer 45

This chromosome is a sex characteristic that proves female identity
ex: females have two of these

Question 46

Y chromosome

Answer 46

This chromosome is a sex characteristic which proves male identity
ex: men have one of these and an x

Question 47

testostrome

Answer 47

A hormone in the testicals
ex: a man with with testostrome will typically have more muscle mass and angier

Question 48

primary sex charactericts

Answer 48

Any genetically given part that shows weather you have male parts or girl parts
ex: ovaries, scrotum

Question 49

secondary sec characteristics

Answer 49

what develops in males and females that have to do with their gender
ex: facial hair, pubic hair

Question 50

spermarche

Answer 50

the development of sperm in boys testicles during puberty
ex: sperm

Question 51

menarche

Answer 51

the first occurance of menenstration
ex: i got my period wow im turning into a women

Question 52

intersex

Answer 52

someone born with both male and female sec characteristics
ex: deep voice and overies

Question 53

AIDS

Answer 53

a sexualy transmitted diseace
ex: oops

Question 54

secual orientation

Answer 54

if you chose to present your self or identify as a male female or both or neither
ex: i orientate myself as a female

Question 55

menopause

Answer 55

when the females body stops putting out eggs, so their period stops and they cant have babys anymore
ex: no longer having my period

Question 56

cross-sectional study

Answer 56

a study with many different indivduals at a time
ex: a study involving people ranging from 0-50 and both genders

Question 57

longitudinal study

Answer 57

a study that spans over time
ex: studying the same kids over their life until they are 40

Question 58

neurocognitive disorders

Answer 58

decreased mental funtion due to a medical disease other than a psychiatric illness
ex: a medically described disease can damage someones brain, and making them not be able to function notmally

Question 59

alzheimers diseace

Answer 59

dementia that effects memory thinking and behavior
ex: someone who cant thinks straight or remember who their children are

Question 60

social clock

Answer 60

when people in osciety think its the normal age to get a job house and wife
ex: im 20, time to find love

Question 61

s

Question 62

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