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psyc unit 1 > psych 7 > Flashcards

psych 7 Flashcards

1
Q

motivation

A

ones incentive or reason for behaving a certain way
ex: which impels a character to act like wanting to workout for muscle

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2
Q

instinct

A

a complex unlearned behavior that is passed along species
ex: flinch when something is thrown at you

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3
Q

physiological need

A

those relating to the basic biological necessities of life
ex: food drinks rest and houses

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4
Q

drive-reduction theory

A

an idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tensio state that motivates an organism to satisfy the need
ex: money is needed to buy food. i need to make money to buy food

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5
Q

homeostasis

A

tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state
ex: blood glucose levels

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6
Q

incentive

A

a positive or negative enviormental stimulus that motivates behavior
ex: working harded as a taxi driver to get more stars

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6
Q

yerkes-dodson law

A

principle that performance on tasls is best when the arousal level is appropriate to the difficulty to the tast
ex: higher arousal for cleaning, lower arousal for strenuous math homework

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7
Q

hierarchy of needs

A

Maslows pyramid of himan needs, startin with the basic needs that must be satisfied before higher-level safety
ex: i need to have food in order to move up in the pyramid

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8
Q

glucose

A

a simple sugar that is an important source of energy
ex: sugar in blood

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9
Q

set point theory

A

the idea that body monitors fat-ce;; levels to keep them fairly stable
ex: weight

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10
Q

basal metabolic rate

A

age changes your metabolic rate
ex: im 80, so im going to gain weight easier. im 18 so im going to not gain as much weight when i eat

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11
Q

obesity

A

a condition of being over weight and having an excessive amount of bodyfat
ex: eating too much calories and not buring enough

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12
Q

asexual

A

The lack of desire to have sexual attraction to others.
ex: someone not wanting relationships and doesn’t like the idea of it.

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13
Q

testosterone

A

the responsible for typically male behaviors, such as aggression, competitiveness and superior visuo-spatial abilitie
ex: facial hair and deepening voice.

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14
Q

estrogen

A

produced mainly by the ovaries and act as the principal female sex hormones
ex: what regulates the menstral cycle in girls

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15
Q

sexual response cycle

A

excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution. Both men and women experience these phases, although the timing usually is different.
ex: refactory period isnt included in the 4 stages

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16
Q

refractory period

A

when talking on the phone while driving causes you to react slower to seeing a stopped car in front of you.
ex: the next time you see a friend texting and driving, remind them that by doing so they are slowing their reaction time, which could be dangerous.

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17
Q

affiliation need

A

engagement in positive social interactions with other individuals. ex: Attachment is thye affiliation as a effect of the development of a social bond.

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18
Q

ostracism

A

an extreme form of rejection in which one is excluded and ignored in the presence of others.
ex: being excluded from frineds

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19
Q

narcissism

A

ultra ego. everything is about me
ex: always taking pictures

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20
Q

achievement motivation

A

the need for excellence and significant accomplishment
ex: despite what rewards may be offered after the achievement has been met.

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21
Q

grit

A

the passionate and preserverence for long term goals
ex: my grit is to be a singer

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22
Q

emotion

A

“a complex reaction pattern, involving experiential, behavioral and physiological elements.” ex: sad emotion is how individuals deal with matters like crying

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23
Q

james-lange theory

A

it proposes that emotional stimuli first induce peripheral physiological variations, which occur without consciousness of affect
ex: stimulating events like haunted houses create a response like screaming and being scared

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24
Q

canon-bard thoery

A

the lower part of the brain, also called the thalamus, controls your experience of emotion.
ex: when im sad and experience this, the thalamus is in control

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25
Q

two-factory-theory (schacter)

A

physiological arousal determines the strength of the emotion, while cognitive appraisal identifies the emotion label
ex: my hearts rasing, i need to know why

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26
Q

polygraph

A

a device that measures and records several physiological indicators of stress
ex: if youre lying, then it will measure your higher heart rate

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27
Q

facial feedback effect

A

it not only expresses an emotion, but also an expression and experience are linked in that different sensory feedback from the facial action
ex: someone looking scared will be in a scary situation typically. when I recieve a gift I should look happy with a smile.

28
Q

behavior feedback effect

A

the tendency of behavior to influence our own and others’ thoughts, feelings, and actions.
ex: i am mad, so the behavior feedback will be me throwing a chair

29
Q

stress

A

any type of change that causes physical, emotional or psychological strain. it is your body’s response to anything that requires attention or action. ex: people get stress when having lots to do.

30
Q

general adaptation syndrome

A

the process your body goes through when you are exposed to any kind of stress, positive or negative.
ex: I just failed two tests, the stages will be
alarm, resistance, exhaustion

31
Q

tend and befriend response

A

females typically look for comfort in others when stressed or sad.
ex: I just failed 2 tests, I will go to my friend for comfort and help

32
Q

health psychology

A

focuses on how biological, social and psychological factors influence health and illness.
ex: I have no friends, so my health may decline. I am super stressed, I am more suseptable for illness

33
Q

coronary heart disease

A

conditions not only affect your emotional state but can also impact on your symptoms of heart disease.
ex: depression and anxiety can influence this.

34
Q

type A

A

a pattern of behavior and personality associated with high achievement, competitiveness, and impatience
ex: someone who has motivation to achieve thingsmay be type A

35
Q

type B

A

a pattern of behavior associated with layed back and relaxed people
ex: someone who procrastinates

36
Q

catharsis

A

A discussion with a friend about a problem you are facing might spark a moment of insight
ex: you are able to see how an event from earlier in your life might be contributing to your current patterns of behavior.

37
Q

aerobic exercise

A

cardiovasular conditioning, good for stress situations and good for mental and physical health

38
Q

mindfulness/meditation

A

awareness of one’s internal states and surroundings.
ex: could help people avoid destructive or automatic habits by learning to observe their thoughts,

39
Q

feel-ggod-do-good phenomenon

A

the idea that when one is in high spirits and having a good day, they will reciprocate that to others
ex: i just passed all of my exams, I will feel more suseptable to help an old lady cross the street.

40
Q

positive psychology

A
41
Q

subjective well-being

A
42
Q

adaptive-level phenomenon

A
43
Q

relative deprivation

A
44
Q

relative deprivation

A
45
Q

personality

A
46
Q

psychodynamic theories

A

this helps others understand their emotions ex: By talking through these emotions and behaviors with a social worker, clients come to know themselves better and make better decisions for themselves.

47
Q

unconscious

A

the unconscious mind is the repository for thoughts, feelings, and memories of which a person is not consciously aware
ex: hatred of a family member

48
Q

free association

A

deepen your self-understanding by looking at whatever thoughts, words, or images come freely to your mind.
ex: what is this object? -as words come to my brain freely to understand-

49
Q

Id, ego, superego

A

Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, the id is the primitive and instinctual part of the mind that contains sexual and aggressive drives and hidden memories, the super-ego operates as a moral conscience, and the ego is the realistic part that mediates between the desires of the id and the super-ego

50
Q

sychosexual stages

A

during the five psychosexual stage the erogenous zone associated with each stage serves as a source of pleasure.
ex: oral, anal, phallic, latent, and genital stages,

51
Q

oedipus complex

A

unconsous secual desire for someone
ex: a boy who acts possessive of his mother and tells the father not to touch her.

52
Q

fixation

A

When one’s desire is tied to an object of desire connected to an earlier phase in one’s psychosexual development
ex: child has issues during the weaning process, they might develop an oral fixation.

53
Q

defense mechanisms

A

unconscious psychological operation that functions to protect a person from anxiety-producing thoughts and feelings related to internal conflicts and outer stressors.
ex: flinching

54
Q

repression

A

in psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consous anciety-arousing
ex: arousing thoughts feelings and memories

55
Q

collective unconscious

A

Carl Jungs concept of a shared inheritied reservoir of memory traces from our species history
ex: almost everyone has the inherited fear of large animals

56
Q

projective tests (TAT)

A

a personality test
ex: rorschach or the TAT
it provides ambigious stimuli designed to trigger projection of ones inner ways they act and react

57
Q

terror-management theory

A

a theory of death-related anxiety. explores peoples emotional and behavioral responses to reminders of their apporaching death
ex: someone making poor decisions because they have the mindset that their going to die anyways

58
Q

humanistic theories

A

wier personality with a focus on the potential for healthy personal growth
ex: learning to accept everyone leads to a nicer workplace

59
Q

hierarchy of needs

A

the needs Maslow advances in this theory are: physiological, safety, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization.
ex: its like climbing the mountain, the higher you go the more needs you can achieve throught your life

60
Q

self-actualization

A

the realization or fulfillment of one’s talents and potentialities, especially considered as a drive or need present in everyone.
ex: i know that i have the potential to become a doctor

61
Q

self-transcendence

A

it is the realization that you are one small part of a greater whole, and acting accordingly.
ex: i am slef transcendence because I belive in a higher above

62
Q

unconditional positive regard

A

expressing empathy, support, and acceptance to someone, regardless of what they say or do
ex: i am putting my self in your shoes and I am so empathetic towards your situation

63
Q

self-concept

A

a collection of beliefes one holds about theirself and about others
ex: i belive that I am a human who is nice

64
Q

trait

A

a personality characteristic that describes or determines someones normal behaviors in different hypthetical situations
ex: if there was money on the ground would you take it?

65
Q

personality inventory

A

a personality assessment device that consists of statements that are defined by characteristics and behavioral patterns. ex: true or false, you like to talk to strangers

66
Q

MMPI

A

a psychological test that assesses personality traits.
ex: someone who has a mental health issue and it tells us if they are a suspect or not

67
Q

empirically derived test

A

a personality test that uses the empirical method that enhances objectivty
ex: I took the test and it told me about my personality traits based on questions

psyc unit 1 (5 decks)

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