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PSYCH/SOC > PSYCH / SOC CLASS 3 > Flashcards

PSYCH / SOC CLASS 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is impression management?

A

The process we attempt to manage our own image by influencing the perceptions of other

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2
Q

What is dramaturgical perspective?

A

We imagine ourselves as playing certain roles when interacting with others

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3
Q

What is the goal of dramaturgical perspective?

A

Present an acceptable self to others

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4
Q

What is self-concept?

A

The self-identity, self-construction or self-perspective - beliefs about who you are as an individual

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5
Q

What makes up the self-concept or self-identity?

A

Personal identity and social identity

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6
Q

What is the nemonic for identity self-concept to remember the cultural characteristics?

A

Addressing

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7
Q

What is self-schemas?

A

Beliefs and ideas you have about yourself

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8
Q

What does self-schemas help you do?

A

Guide and organize the processing of information that is relevant to you

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9
Q

What is statement of fact?

A

A characteristics that’s neither good or bad

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10
Q

What is self-efficacy to the task?

A

Specific tasks

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11
Q

What is self-efficacy?

A

How good you think you are at doing something

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12
Q

What is high self-efficacy?

A

You believe you are good at doing something

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13
Q

What is low self-efficacy?

A

You believe you’re bad at doing something

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14
Q

What is locus of control?

A

Whether you think you have control over what happens to you

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15
Q

What is internal locus of control?

A

You believe you have control over events

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16
Q

What is external locus of control?

A

You do not believe you have control over events

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17
Q

What is low self-efficacy and external locus of control?

A

Learned helplessness

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18
Q

Based on learned helplessness, does it include tasks that you predict being bad at?

A

No, it has to be tried

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19
Q

What is aversive control?

A

Behavior is motivated by the reality or threat of something unpleasant happeing

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20
Q

What are the two types of aversive control?

A
  1. Escape behavior

2. Avoidance behavior

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21
Q

What is escape behavior?

A

Termination of an unpredicted, unpleasant stimulus that has already occurred

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22
Q

What is avoidance behavior?

A

Avoidance of a predictable, unpleasant stimulus before it is initiated

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23
Q

What concept best applies to self-schemas?

A

Beliefs about the self

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24
Q

What concept best applies to self-esteem?

A

Beliefs about one’s self-woth

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25
Q

What concept best applies to self-efficacy?

A

Belief’s in one’s competence

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26
Q

What concept best applies to locus of control?

A

Locus of control

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27
Q

What is social learning theory?

A

earning through observation even in the absence of motor reproduction or direct reinforcements

28
Q

What are reference groups?

A

Any one that helped

29
Q

What is social comparison theory?

A

Gain accurate self-evaluations by comparing ourselves to others

30
Q

What is perspective taking?

A

Ability to understand the cognitive and affective aspects of another’s persons’ point of view; known as role taking

31
Q

What is moral identity?

A

The degree to which being a moral person is important to a person’s identity

32
Q

What are the levels of moral identity?

A
  1. Preconventional
  2. Conventional
  3. Postconventional
33
Q

Why are rules obeyed in preconventional?

A

Avoid punishment and for personal gain

34
Q

Why are rules obeyed in conventional?

A

Obeyed for approval ad to maintain social order; avoid anomie

35
Q

What are rules followed in post conventional?

A

Rules that infringe on the rights of others are challenged; establish own rules with personal ethical principles

36
Q

What is social facilitation effect?

A

Tendency of performance to improve for simple, well-ingrained tasks

37
Q

Social facilitation tends to not occur for….?

A

For novel, complex tasks

38
Q

What is deindividuation?

A

High degree of arousal and low degree of personal responsibility, lose sense of restraint and individual identity

39
Q

What is another term with deindividuation?

A

Mob mentality

40
Q

What is the bystander effect?

A

Most people are less likely to help a victim when other people are present

41
Q

What is diffusion of responsibility?

A

The tendency that the larger the group, the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility

42
Q

What is social loafing?

A

When people work in a group, each person is likely to exert less individual effort than working alone

43
Q

What is peer pressure?

A

Refers to situations in which individuals feels directly or indirectly pressured to change their behavior to math that of their peers

44
Q

What are peer groups?

A

Are social groups whose members are close in age and share interests

45
Q

What is group think?

A

Desire to achieve harmony and reach a consensus decision

46
Q

What does group think cause?

A

Groups to not critically evaluate alternative viewpoints and leads to irrational or dysfunctional decision-making

47
Q

When is groupthink more likely to occur?

A

Overly optimism and strongly believes in its stance

48
Q

How does the groupthink in group justifies their own decisions?

A

Demonizes those of its opponent s

49
Q

What happens when a groupthink dissents the group?

A

Opinions, information and facts are preventing from permeating the group (mindguarding)

50
Q

What do the individuals that dissent feel?

A

Feel pressured to censor their own opinions in favor of the perceived consensus which creates an illusion of group unanimity

51
Q

What is group polarization?

A

A group agreement causes the preexisting views of group members to intensify

52
Q

Group polarization involves only…

A

1 group

53
Q

What is a dispositional attribution?

A

Internal causes: attribute behavior to this a character flaw

54
Q

What is situational attribution?

A

External causes: attribute behavior by an excuse

55
Q

What is fundamental attribution error?

A

Attribute another person’s behavior to their personality

56
Q

What is actor-observer bias?

A

Attribute our own actions to the situation

57
Q

What is self-serving bias?

A

Attribute our successes to ourselves, but our failures to others

58
Q

What is optimism bias?

A

Bad things happen to other people but not to ourselves

59
Q

What is just world belief?

A

Bad things happen to others because of their own actions or inaction

60
Q

What is the difference type of groups in ultimate attribution error?

A
  1. In-Group Member

2. Out-Group Member

61
Q

If an in-group member make a good behavior?

A

Result of person’s character or personality (internal attribution)

62
Q

If an out-group member make a good behavior?

A

Uncommon circumstances or an exception to the rule (external attribution_

63
Q

If an in-group member make a bad behavior?

A

Believed to be rare, an exception to the rule (External attribution)

64
Q

If an out-group member make a bad behavior?

A

Flaw in that person’s character or personality (internal attribution)

65
Q

What do we call the belief in the superiority of the one group/culture over another?

A

Ethnocentrism

PSYCH/SOC (4 decks)

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