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PSYCH/SOC > PSYCH/SOC CLASS 1 > Flashcards

PSYCH/SOC CLASS 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the functionalist theory?

A

Individuals work together to maintain solidarity, balance, order and social stability

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2
Q

Example of society systems?

A

Nations, military, religion

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3
Q

Example of society organs?

A

States, Hospital, University

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4
Q

Example of society cells?

A

People, cities, communities

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5
Q

What is societies homeostasis?

A

Dynamic equilibrium

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6
Q

Who is Durkheim?

A

Founder of modern sociology

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7
Q

Why did Durkheim begin his society theory?

A

Because post-industrial, societies were complex

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8
Q

Who is the first who theorized society?

A

Durkheim

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9
Q

What is common consciousness?

A

People shares common goal of bettering society

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10
Q

What is anomie?

A

The opposite of dynamic equilibrium; dysfunctions in societies

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11
Q

What did Durkheim define anomie as?

A

Mismatch b/n the wider social standards and standards of smaller groups

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12
Q

What does manifest mean society?

A

Intended and obvious purpose

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13
Q

What does latent mean in society?

A

Unintended or less recognizable

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14
Q

Example of manifest mean in society?

A

Specialization

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15
Q

What is the flaw with Durkheim?

A

Too Utopia; ignored individual desires

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16
Q

Which theory came against Durkheim’s?

A

Conflict Theory

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17
Q

What is conflict theory?

A

Competition for limited resources

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18
Q

What do conflict theory compete for?

A

Social, political, and material power

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19
Q

What are conflict theorists concerned with?

A

Imbalances in wealth, power and prestige

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20
Q

What do the imbalances in wealth, power and prestige create?

A

Class struggles

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21
Q

The imbalances in wealth, power and prestige create class struggle and what does that lead to?

A

Class struggle between those who control production and factory workers

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22
Q

Who is the founder of the conflict theorist?

A

Karl Marx

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23
Q

What did Karl Marx say about capitalism?

A

Economic system that encourages private ownership in order to produce profit

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24
Q

What did Karl Marx suggest?

A

Socialism

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25
Q

What is false consciousness?

A

Lack of awareness; subordinate class see themselves as individuals instead of exploited group

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26
Q

What is class consciousness?

A

Members of subordinate social class are aware they are being exploited by the wealthy

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27
Q

What is the problem with the Marx theory?

A

Too dystopian; there’s more than 1 source of conflict rather than just money

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28
Q

Who’s theorist went against Marx?

A

Weber

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29
Q

What did Weber find wrong about the conflict theory?

A

There are other conflicts, not just income

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30
Q

What did Weber say was happening as a result of society increasing their rationalizing?

A

Had to embrace science and move away from traditional spirituality, religion, morality, etc….start thinking of everything

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31
Q

What did Weber think about ideas and beliefs?

A

Exerts a powerful effect on society (question authority)

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32
Q

What is symbolic interaction?

A

Personal interpretation of the meaning of the world around them

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33
Q

Who are the founders of modern sociology?

A

Durkheim, Weber and Marx

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34
Q

Symbolic interaction is what type of theory? Micro or macro?

A

Micro-level theory

35
Q

How do symbolic interactionist give meanings to the world around them?

A

Culturally derived social objects that have shared meaning; maintained through social interaction

36
Q

What did Mead found?

A

Founder of social psychology

37
Q

What was Mead focused on?

A

Development of the self

38
Q

What are the three stages of Mead?

A
  1. Preparatory Stage
  2. Play Stage
  3. Game Stage
39
Q

What happens during the game stage?

A

Generalized other

40
Q

What is the ME part of Mead’s theory?

A

How the generalized other view us

41
Q

What is the I part of Mead’s theory?

A

Personal identity and individuality

42
Q

Who is the looking glass self theorist?

A

Cooley

43
Q

How is the self formed, based on Charles Cooley?

A

Shaped by other and interactions with others and perception of others

44
Q

How is the individual formed, based on Charles Cooley?

A

Shape themselves on this perception, tending to confirm expectations

45
Q

What is a social construct?

A

An invention of a given society

46
Q

What is a major focus of social constructs?

A

Study of how individuals and groups participate in the construction of a social reality

47
Q

What is socialization?

A

Dynamic, ongoing process by which individual internalizes the values beliefs and norms of their society

48
Q

What type of theory is social construct? Macro or micro

A

Macro and micro

49
Q

What is the rational choice theory?

A

Individuals make decisions by comparing the costs and benefits

50
Q

What is the goal of the rational choice theory?

A

Maximize benefits and reduce costs

51
Q

What is the exchange choice theory?

A

Individuals responds to rewards and reduce punishments

52
Q

What is the goal of the exchange choice theory?

A

Maximize rewards and reduce punishments

53
Q

What is the rational theory based on?

A

Economic Theory

54
Q

What is the exchange theory based on?

A

Behavioral Psychology

55
Q

What is the first wave of the feminist theory?

A

Dealt with women’s suffrage

56
Q

What was the second wave of the feminist theory?

A

Dealt with social liberties - gender equality, equal pay, reproductive rights

57
Q

What is the third wave of feminist theory?

A

Dealt with intersectionality

58
Q

What is the glass escalator metaphor?

A

Men are often fast tracked to advanced positions when entering professions

59
Q

What is the glass ceiling metaphor?

A

Invisible barrier that prevents a demographic from rising beyond a certain level of hierarchy

60
Q

What type of theory is feminism, macro or micro?

A

False; can be either macro or micro

61
Q

What does functionalist compare their theory to?

A

Like a living organism

62
Q

Is functionalism macro or micro?

A

Macro theory level

63
Q

What did Durkheim say about division of labor?

A

Intricate division of labor

64
Q

What did Durkheim say that dynamic equilibrium end with, based on society? (Its a term)

A

Common consciousness

65
Q

How did Durkheim define anomie as?

A

A mismatch between the wider social standards and the standards individuals or smaller groups within that wider society

66
Q

What is latent dysfunction?

A

Negative after affects that were not intended

67
Q

What is practically a synonym of conflict theory?

A

Competition

68
Q

What theory did Karl Marx found?

A

Conflict Theorist

69
Q

What did Karl Marx predict about capitalism?

A

Cause greater and greater inequality because private owners are incentivized to minimize wages of workers

70
Q

Class consciousness or false consciousness, in which one has anomie already ensued?

A

Class consciousness

71
Q

What type of theory is the conflict theory? Macro or micro?

A

Macro

72
Q

What did Weber pointed out humans are becoming due to a result of industrialization?

A

Rational and bureaucratic

73
Q

Since Marx only focused on wealth, what did Weber segue?

A

There are more than 1 source of conflict that results in imbalance

74
Q

Weber is treated as what type of theorists?

A

Conflict theorists and symbolic interactionist

75
Q

What allowed symbols to provide the means by which reality is constructed?

A

Language and communication

76
Q

What was Mead ideas forming?

A

Foundation for symbolic interactionist school of thought

77
Q

Based on Mead’s theory, what is “generalized other”?

A

The generalized attitude of a large social group

78
Q

What is a way of remembering the difference between the me and the I of Mead?

A

What will they think of ME?

79
Q

Is exchange-rational theory micro or macro level theory?

A

Micro-level theories

80
Q

What is intersectionality and which theory dealt with it?

A

Study of how different social identities such as gender, race and class - feminist

81
Q

Who created the symbolic interaction theory?

A

Mead

82
Q

Who created the conflict theory?

A

Marx and Weber

83
Q

Who created the functionalism theory?

A

Durkheim

PSYCH/SOC (4 decks)

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