Psych Motivation And Emotion Flashcards
Machiavellianism
In the field of personality psychology, Machiavellianism is a personality trait centered on manipulativeness, callousness, and indifference to morality
Psychodynamic motivation
Conscious (explicit) and unconscious (implicit) motives
Behaviourist motivation
Motivation through repeated behaviours which result in reinforcement and to avoid punishment
Cognitive motivation
Motivation of behaviours that are valued and believed that can be attained
Humanistic motivation
Self-actualisation, needs have to be fulfilled to satisfy higher needs
Evolutionary motivation
Evolution selects animals that maximise their inclusive fitness
Sexual response cycle
Pattern of physiological changes that takes place in humans during sex
Sexual orientation
Direction of a persons enduring sexual attraction
Relatedness
Needs refer to motives for connectedness with others, such as attachment, intimacy and affiliation
Agency
Needs include achievement, autonomy, mastery, power and other self-oriented goals
Eating motivation
Metabolism, satiety, obesity, homeostasis
Emotion
An evaluative response that typically includes physiological arousal, subjective experience and behavioural or emotional expression
James-Lange theory of emotion
Emotions originate in peripheral nervous system responses, which the central nervous system then interprets
Cannon-Bard theory of emotion
Emotion-inducing stimuli simultaneously elicit both an emotional experience and bodily responses
Psychodynamic emotion
People can be unconscious of their emotional experience and can act on emotions even when they lack subjective awareness of them
Schachter-Singer theory (a cognitive emotion theory)
Emotion occurs as people interpret their physiological arousal
Evolutionary emotion
Emotion serves an important role in communication between members of a species and can be a powerful source of motivation
2 modern psychodynamic motives
Relatedness
Need for self esteem
Standardised wish and fear list
Developed by perry 1997
Organised according to Eriksons theory of psychosocial development used to investigate motives in borderline personality disorder and masochistic behaviour
Masochistic behaviour
Self-defeating behaviour
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
A test for unconscious motives. Requires individuals to create stories based on ambiguous pics. Then coded and analysed for motivational themes.
Drive-reduction theories
Proposes that motivation stems from a combination of drive and reinforcement and is based on homeostasis
Homeostasis
A tendency of the body to maintain itself in a state of balance or equilibrium.
Primary drive
An innate (or biological) drive such as hunger, thirst or sex.
Secondary drive
A drive learned through conditioning and other learning mechanisms such as modelling.
Incentive
Stimuli that activate drive states
