Psych Motivation And Emotion

Question 1

Machiavellianism

Answer 1

In the field of personality psychology, Machiavellianism is a personality trait centered on manipulativeness, callousness, and indifference to morality

Question 2

Psychodynamic motivation

Answer 2

Conscious (explicit) and unconscious (implicit) motives

Question 3

Behaviourist motivation

Answer 3

Motivation through repeated behaviours which result in reinforcement and to avoid punishment

Question 4

Cognitive motivation

Answer 4

Motivation of behaviours that are valued and believed that can be attained

Question 5

Humanistic motivation

Answer 5

Self-actualisation, needs have to be fulfilled to satisfy higher needs

Question 6

Evolutionary motivation

Answer 6

Evolution selects animals that maximise their inclusive fitness

Question 7

Sexual response cycle

Answer 7

Pattern of physiological changes that takes place in humans during sex

Question 8

Sexual orientation

Answer 8

Direction of a persons enduring sexual attraction

Question 9

Relatedness

Answer 9

Needs refer to motives for connectedness with others, such as attachment, intimacy and affiliation

Question 10

Agency

Answer 10

Needs include achievement, autonomy, mastery, power and other self-oriented goals

Question 11

Eating motivation

Answer 11

Metabolism, satiety, obesity, homeostasis

Question 12

Emotion

Answer 12

An evaluative response that typically includes physiological arousal, subjective experience and behavioural or emotional expression

Question 13

James-Lange theory of emotion

Answer 13

Emotions originate in peripheral nervous system responses, which the central nervous system then interprets

Question 14

Cannon-Bard theory of emotion

Answer 14

Emotion-inducing stimuli simultaneously elicit both an emotional experience and bodily responses

Question 15

Psychodynamic emotion

Answer 15

People can be unconscious of their emotional experience and can act on emotions even when they lack subjective awareness of them

Question 16

Schachter-Singer theory (a cognitive emotion theory)

Answer 16

Emotion occurs as people interpret their physiological arousal

Question 17

Evolutionary emotion

Answer 17

Emotion serves an important role in communication between members of a species and can be a powerful source of motivation

Question 18

2 modern psychodynamic motives

Answer 18

Relatedness

Need for self esteem

Question 19

Standardised wish and fear list

Answer 19

Developed by perry 1997
Organised according to Eriksons theory of psychosocial development used to investigate motives in borderline personality disorder and masochistic behaviour

Question 20

Masochistic behaviour

Answer 20

Self-defeating behaviour

Question 21

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

Answer 21

A test for unconscious motives. Requires individuals to create stories based on ambiguous pics. Then coded and analysed for motivational themes.

Question 22

Drive-reduction theories

Answer 22

Proposes that motivation stems from a combination of drive and reinforcement and is based on homeostasis

Question 23

Homeostasis

Answer 23

A tendency of the body to maintain itself in a state of balance or equilibrium.

Question 24

Primary drive

Answer 24

An innate (or biological) drive such as hunger, thirst or sex.

Question 25

Secondary drive

Answer 25

A drive learned through conditioning and other learning mechanisms such as modelling.

Question 26

Incentive

Answer 26

Stimuli that activate drive states