Psych Exam 3 Flashcards
Cluster B personality disorder
Dramatic, emotional, erratic- antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic
Cluster A personality disorder
Odd and eccentric- paranoid, schizoid, schizotypical
Cluster C personality disorders
Anxious, fearful- avoidant, dependent, obsessive compulsive
Paranoid personality disorder
Cluster A- others are malevolent; condition begins by early adulthood- trusts no one, over sensitive
Schizoid personality disorder
Defect in ability to form relationships- want to form relationship, but can’t. Indifferent to others, aloof, inappropriately serious about everything, isolated
Schizotypal personality disorder
Cluster A- “latent schizophrenics” odd and eccentric, but not to the level of schizophrenia. Aloof, isolated, bland, apathetic, MAGICAL THINKING
Antisocial personality disorder
Cluster B- socially irresponsible, guiltless, disregard for law, manipulative
Borderline personality disorder
Cluster B- intense & chaotic relationships, fluctuating and extreme attitudes, impulsive, most common type of personality disorder, lacks sense of identity, borderline because between neurosis and psychosis, inability to be alone, splitting
Histrionic personality disorder
Cluster B- “all hangin’ out”, excitable, emotional, seductive, manipulative, exhibitionistic, distracts easy, difficulty forming relationships
Narcissistic personality disorder
Cluster B- self centered, grandiosity, relaxed, cheerful, but can easily change because of fragile self esteem
Avoidant personality disorder
Cluster C- sensitive to rejection, socially withdrawn, but desires relationship and is fearful of them, express feelings of being unwanted
Dependent personality disorder
Cluster C- Excessive need to be taken care of, more common in youngest children, passive
Obsessive-Compulsive personality disorder
Cluster C- inflexibility about the way things are done, common in oldest children, polite, rank-conscious, not emotional
Passive-Aggressive personality disorder
Negative attitude and passive resistance, frequently changes roles, feel unappreciated, life has been unkind to them
Splitting
Primitive ego defense- they view everything is either good or bad.
General intellectual functioning
Measured by IQ tests
Mild retardation
50-70 IQ- capable of independent living with some assistance
Moderate retardation
35-49 IQ- can perform some activities independently
Severe retardation
20-34 IQ- may be trained in hygiene skills, but requires complete supervision
Profound retardation
Below 20 IQ- no independent functioning
Autism
Fantasy world, withdrawn, introverted
Lower IQ requires what type of intervention?
Environmental
Higher IQ requires what type of intervention?
Cognitive
ADHD
Inattention that is more frequent and severe than typically observed
ADHD combined type
Can’t sit still and can’t pay attention
ADHD inattentive
Can’t pay attention
ADHD hyperactive-impulsive
Can’t sit still
Major problems with ADHD
Difficulty performing age-appropriate tasks, highly distractible, difficult forming interpersonal relationships, accident prone
Common comorbidity with ADHD
Oppositional defiant disorder
CNS stimulant for ADHD
Ritalin, Adderall
Alpha Agonist for ADHD
Clonidine (Catapres)
Conduct disorder
Basic rights of others and major age appropriate societal norms are violated- do not feel remorse
What influences conduct disorder?
Peer relationships
Oppositional defiant disorder
Negative, defiant, hostile toward authority figures, passive aggressive- feels remorse and does not see self as oppositional, but blame others
Tourette’s disorder
Multiple motor or vocal tics, most common is eye blinking
Medication for Tourette’s
Atypical antipsychotic
Separation anxiety disorder
Anxiety over separation from home or person attached to, mostly mother, refusal to attend school is common in adolescents
Delerium
Disturbance of consciousness and change rapidly over short period
Symptoms of delerium
Disorganized thinking, rambling, impairment of recent memory, ILLUSIONS AND HALLUCINATIONS, psychomotor activity fluctuates
Dementia
Loss of previous levels of cognitive, executive, and memory function in a state of full awareness
Primary dementia
Organic brain disease, not related to any other illness (Alzheimer’s)
Secondary dementia
Caused by or related to another disease (HIV)
Symptoms of dementia
Impairment in abstract thinking, judgment, and impulse control, personality change is common, progressive, irreversible course
Reversible dementia
Function of underlying pathological condition and of the availability and timely application of effective treatment
Stage 1 of Alzheimer’s
No apparent symptoms
Stage 2 of Alzheimer’s
Forgetfulness
Stage 3 of Alzheimer’s
Mild cognitive decline
Stage 4 of Alzheimer’s
Mild to moderate cognitive decline, confusion
Stage 5 of Alzheimer’s
Moderate cognitive decline, early dementia
Stage 6 of Alzheimer’s
Moderate to severe cognitive decline, middle dementia
Stage 7 of Alzheimer’s
Severe cognitive decline, late dementia
Dementia of Alzheimer’s
Onset is slow and insidious, early = before 65 years of age, late = after 65 year of age, plaques and tangles in brain are most common
Vascular dementia
Due to cerebrovascular disease, stroke victim, hypertension
Dementia due to Lewy body disease
Similar to Alzheimer’s but progresses more rapidly, 25% of all dementia cases
Dementia due to Parkinson’s
60% of clients with Parkinson’s get dementia, resembles Alzheimer’s
Dementia due to pick’s disease
Etiology is unknown, results in atrophy in frontal and temporal lobes
Dementia due to Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Course is extremely rapid, deterioration and death in less than two years
Amnestic disorders
Inability to learn new info and recall previously learned info
Systems of amnestic disorders
Disorientation to place and time, confabulation, may know problem exists, but with lack of concern, onset is fast or slow
Amnestic disorder due to a general medical condition
Cerebral neoplastic disease (tumor), herpes simplex encephalitis, poorly controlled diabetes
Diagnostic evaluation for amnesia
CT scan
treatment for delirium
room with low stimulus and benzodiazepines when etiology is substance withdrawal
Aricept
dementia medication
Exelon
dementia medication
Namenda
dementia medication
Why should you not use benzodiazepines for long term use with dementia?
lowers BMR, lowers cognitive, which increases fall risk
phase one of battering
tension building phase and then trigger
phase two of battering
acute battering incident
phase three of battering
honeymoon stage
expressed response pattern
normal response to traumatic experience
controlled response pattern
very bland, bleak response, no emotion
compounded response pattern
over reaction to traumatic experience
silent rape reaction
tells no one of the assault
Stages of grief
DABDA (denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance)
acute grief
lasts about 6 to 8 weeks, after is considered chronic
delayed/inhibited grief
remains fixed in the denial stage, grief may be triggered much later
distorted grief
exaggerated, fixed in the anger stage
chronic grief
prolonged, behaviors aimed at keeping the lost loved one alive
birth to age 2 understanding of death
unable to understand death
ages 3 to 5 understanding of death
difficulty distinguishing between fantasy and reality
ages 6 to 9 understanding of death
beginning to understand that death is finale and normal grieving begins
ages 10 to 12 understanding of death
understand that death is final and eventually effects everyone
adolescents understanding of death
views death like you and me, have difficulty perceiving their own death
African americans and death
expressed openly and publicly
Chinese-americans and death
ancestor worship, avoid references to death
Japanese-americans and death
Buddhism, body is prepared by close family members, cremation
Vietnamese-americans and death
Buddhism, cremation, 1 year anniversary death is celebrated
Filipino-americans and death
week long wake, wear dark clothing for 1 year
native americans and death
cleansing ceremony, dead are buried with shoes on wrong feet and rings on index fingers, reluctant to touch the dead body
living will/durable power of attorney
someone else makes medical decisions for you if you are unable to
