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LCCC Nursing > Psych Exam 2 > Flashcards

Psych Exam 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

dispositional crises

A

acute response to an external situational stressor

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2
Q

crises of anticipated life transitions

A

normal life-cycle transition that may be anticipated but over which the individual may feel lack of control

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3
Q

crises from traumatic stress

A

unexpected, external stressor

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4
Q

maturational/developmental crises

A

unresolved conflicts in life

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5
Q

psychiatric emergency

A

general functioning has been compromised and the individual is incompetent or unable to assume personal responsibility

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6
Q

signs of anger

A

frowning, clenched fists, low-pitched voice, easily offended, etc (refer to lecture notes if you need more!)

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7
Q

signs of aggression

A

pacing, threats, loud voice, panic, etc (refer to lecture notes if you need more!)

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8
Q

factors for assessing violent behavior

A

past history of violence, client diagnosis, current behaviors

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9
Q

common diagnoses associated with violence

A

substance abuse, schizophrenia, mood disorders, dementia, personality disorders

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10
Q

prodromal syndrome

A

current behaviors that are predictive of impending violence- rigid posture, grim, arguing, pounding & slamming

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11
Q

substance abuse according to DSM-IV TR

A

evidence of tolerance, withdrawal, and a great deal of time is spent obtaining the substance, using, recovering, and daily activities are compromised

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12
Q

what Erikson stage are substance abusers in?

A

identity vs. role confusion

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13
Q

what Freud stage are substance abusers in?

A

oral

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14
Q

phase 1 of alcoholism

A

prealcoholic phase- alcohol used to relieve everyday stress and tensions of life

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15
Q

phase 2 of alcoholism

A

early alcoholic phase- begins with blackouts, alcohol is now required by person

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16
Q

phase 3 of alcoholism

A

crucial phase- person has lost control

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17
Q

phase 4 of alcoholism

A

chronic phase- emotional and physical disintegration; more intoxicated days than sober days

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18
Q

acute alcoholic myopathy

A

vitamin B deficiency; muscle pain, swelling, weakness, red urine

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19
Q

chronic alcoholic myopathy

A

gradual wasting and weakness in skeletal muscles

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20
Q

Wernicke’s encephalopathy

A

most serious form of thiamine deficiency in alcoholics

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21
Q

Korsakoff’s psychosis

A

syndrome of confusion, loss of recent memory

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22
Q

alcoholic cardiomyopathy

A

enlargement of heart and weakened

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23
Q

acute pancreatitis with alcoholism

A

occurs one to two days after binge

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24
Q

chronic acute pancreatitis with alcoholism

A

leads to pancreatic insufficiency; steatorrhea (fatty stools), diabetes, malnutrition

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25
Q

cirrhosis

A

end stage of alcoholic liver disease caused by long term alcohol use

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26
Q

esophageal varices

A

veins in esophagus become distended

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27
Q

alcohol intoxication occurs at

A

100-200 mg/dL

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28
Q

alcohol withdrawal occurs

A

within 4-12 hours of cessation or reduction in heavy alcohol use

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29
Q

CAGE

A

have you ever felt the need to Cut down on drinking? Have people Annoyed you by criticizing your drinking? Have you ever felt Guilty about your drinking? Have you ever had a drink first thing in the morning (Eye opener)

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30
Q

Disulfiram (Antabuse)

A

drug that makes you sick or can even cause death is copious amounts of alcohol is consumed

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31
Q

psychopharmacology for alcohol

A

benzodiazepines, anticonvulsants, thiamine

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32
Q

CNS depressant psychopharmacology

A

will bring you up- luminal, benzodiazepines

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33
Q

CNS stimulant psychopharmacology

A

will bring you down- tranquilizers, anticonvulsants, antidepressants

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34
Q

what part of the brain controls appetite?

A

hypothalamus

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35
Q

anorexia commonly occurs when in life?

A

12 to 30 years of age

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36
Q

bulimia commonly occurs when in life?

A

late adolescence or early adulthood

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37
Q

which is more popular? Anorexia or bulimia?

A

bulemia

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38
Q

anorexia

A

gross distortion of body image, preoccupation with food, refusal to eat

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39
Q

bulemia

A

compulsive, rapid ingestion of foods and then binging, most individuals are within normal weight range

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40
Q

phase one of schizophrenia

A

premorbid phase- social maladjustment, withdrawal, irritability, antagonistic thoughts and behaviors

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41
Q

phase two of schizophrenia

A

prodromal phase- deterioration in role functioning, social withdrawal, sleep disturbances

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42
Q

phase three of schizophrenia

A

schizophrenia- treatment usually begins here, delusions, impairment in daily life

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43
Q

phase four of schizophrenia

A

residual- usually post treatment, symptoms similar to prodromal phase, flat affect

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44
Q

biochemical influence in schizophrenia

A

dopamine- for all psychosis

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45
Q

biochemical influence in depression

A

serotonin

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46
Q

downward drift hypothesis

A

poor social conditions are seen as a consequence of, rather than a cause of, schizophrenia

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47
Q

disorganized schizophrenia

A

silliness and inappropriate giggling

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48
Q

catatonic stupor schizophrenia

A

extreme psychomotor retardation; patient usually mute and posturing is common

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49
Q

catatonic excitement schizophrenia

A

extreme psychomotor agitation; purposeless movements that must be monitered

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50
Q

paranoid schizophrenia

A

delusions of persecution or grandeur, auditory hallucinations

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51
Q

undifferentiated schizophrenia

A

does not meet criteria outlined for the other types of schizophrenia

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52
Q

schizoaffective disorder

A

schizophrenia with mood disorder

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53
Q

brief psychotic disorder

A

mostly occurs from substance abuse, symptoms persist less than one month and then returns to premorbid level of functioning

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54
Q

schizophreniform disorder

A

at least one month of symptoms, but fewer than six months

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55
Q

erotomanic delusion

A

believes someone of higher power is in love with them

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56
Q

grandiose delusion

A

irrational ideas of own worth, talent, knowledge, or power (I am batman, I am the president)

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57
Q

jealous delusion

A

irrational idea that sexual partner is unfaithful

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58
Q

persecutory delusion

A

believes he or she is being treated malevolently

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59
Q

somatic delusion

A

irrational belief that he or she has some type of physical defect, disorder, or disease

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60
Q

shared psychotic disorder

A

folie a deux- relationship with a person who already has a psychotic disorder with prominent delusions

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61
Q

delusions

A

positive- false personal beliefs

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62
Q

magical thinking

A

positive-his or her thoughts have control over specific situations or people

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63
Q

associative looseness

A

positive- shift of ideas from one unrelated topic to another

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64
Q

neologisms

A

positive- made up words that only have meaning to client

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65
Q

concrete thinking

A

positive- literal interpretations of the environment (it’s raining cats and dogs)

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66
Q

clang associations

A

positive- choice of words is associated with rhyming

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67
Q

word salad

A

positive- groups of words put in random fashion

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68
Q

circumstantiality

A

positive- delay in reaching point of communication because of unnecessary details

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69
Q

tangentiality

A

positive- inability to get to the point of communication due to introduction of new topics

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70
Q

mutism

A

positive- not speaking

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71
Q

perseveration

A

positive- persistent repetition of same word or idea in response to different questions

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72
Q

hallucinations

A

positive- not associated with real external stimuli

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73
Q

illusions

A

positive- misperceptions of real external stimuli

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74
Q

inappropriate affect

A

negative- emotions are incongruent with circumstances

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75
Q

bland or flat affect

A

negative- weak emotional tone

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76
Q

apathy

A

negative- lack of interest in environment

77
Q

echolalia

A

negative- repeating words that are heard

78
Q

echopraxia

A

negative- repeating movements that are observed

79
Q

identification and imitation

A

taking on form or behavior one observes in another

80
Q

depersonalization

A

feeling of unreality

81
Q

emotional ambivalence

A

coexistence of opposite emotions toward same object, person, situation

82
Q

autism

A

focus inward on fantasy world while distorting or excluding the external environment

83
Q

waxy flexibility

A

passive yielding of all movable parts of the body to any effort made at placing them in certain positions

84
Q

posturing

A

voluntary assumption of inappropriate/bizarre postures

85
Q

anhedonia

A

negative- inability to experience pleasure

86
Q

individual psychotherapy

A

long term- not good for psychotic

87
Q

Assertive Community Treatment (ACT)

A

team approach in providing comprehensive psychiatric treatment, open 24 hours a day, 365 days a year

88
Q

typicals

A

dopamine blockers, sedate

89
Q

atypicals

A

weak dopamine blockers, less side effects, usually used for first time treatment

90
Q

Thorazine

A

typical- antipsychotic

91
Q

Haldol

A

typical- antipsychotic

92
Q

Abilify

A

atypical- antipsychotic

93
Q

Saphris

A

atypical- antipsychotic

94
Q

Clozaril

A

atypical- antipsychotic; report weekly to have blood levels drawn to obtain weekly supply of drug

95
Q

Fanapt

A

atypical- antipsychotic

96
Q

Zyprexa

A

atypical- antipsychotic

97
Q

Invega

A

atypical- antipsychotic

98
Q

Seroquel

A

atypical- antipsychotic

99
Q

Risperdal

A

atypical- antipsychotic

100
Q

Geodon

A

atypical- antipsychotic

101
Q

agranulocytosis

A

white blood cells can drop to very low levels; common with clozapine & typical meds

102
Q

anticholinergic effects

A

dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention- more common with clozapine & typical meds

103
Q

tardive dyskinesia

A

bizarre facial and tongue movements, difficulty swallowing, more common with typical meds & clozapine

104
Q

neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

observe for parkinsonian symptoms- more common with typical meds

105
Q

depression levels off for women & men between the ages of

A

44 and 65

106
Q

seasonality

A

more prevalent in spring and fall

107
Q

major depressive disorder

A

symptoms for at least two weeks, no history of manic behavior

108
Q

dysthymic disorder

A

mild, outpatient, chronically depressed mood for most of the day and for at least two years

109
Q

learned helplessness

A

repeated failure to control life, leading to defeat and dependence on others

110
Q

under age 3 depression

A

feeding problems, tantrums, lack of playfullness

111
Q

ages 3 to 5 depression

A

accident proneness, phobias, excessive self-reproach

112
Q

ages 6 to 8 depression

A

physical complaints, aggressive, clinging

113
Q

ages 9 to 12 depression

A

morbid thoughts and excessive worrying

114
Q

SSRI

A

first line of defense for depression, anorexia, bulimia, OCD, suicide, Hypochondriasis, body dysmorphic disorder- watch for serotonin syndrome, usually continued for six months and then reevaluated

115
Q

transient depression

A

not necessarily dysfunctional, feeling the blues, some difficulty getting one’s mind off of disappointments

116
Q

mild depression

A

normal grieving

117
Q

moderate depression

A

helpless, powerless, retarded thinking process

118
Q

severe depression

A

despair, worthlessness, flat affect, apathy, anhedonia, curled up position

119
Q

what age groups are at high risk for suicide?

A

over 50 years of age and adolescents

120
Q

Celexa

A

SSRI

121
Q

Prozac

A

SSRI

122
Q

Sarafem

A

SSRI

123
Q

Paxil

A

SSRI

124
Q

Zoloft

A

SSRI

125
Q

Nardil

A

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOIs)

126
Q

Parnate

A

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOIs)

127
Q

MAOIs

A

can’t use with anything else, typically not a first line of defense

128
Q

tricyclics

A

lowers BMR

129
Q

unilateral ECT

A

less memory loss, less affective

130
Q

bilateral ECT

A

more memory loss, more affective

131
Q

bipolar I

A

mania

132
Q

bipolar II

A

depression

133
Q

cyclothymic disorder

A

hypomania and depressed, at least two year duration

134
Q

what class of individuals is more likely to have bipolar disorder?

A

higher social classes

135
Q

FIND

A

child scale to determine bipolar disorder: Frequency- symptoms occur most days of the week, Intensity- symptoms are severe enough to interfere with life, Number- symptoms occur 3 to 4 times a day, Duration- symptoms occur 4 or more hours a day

136
Q

lithium

A

drug of choice for bipolar disorder- salt competes with sodium levels

137
Q

atypical antipsychotic

A

used for noncompliance of patient with lithium

138
Q

stage one bipolar

A

hypomania- not sufficiently severe, cheerful and expansive

139
Q

stage two bipolar

A

acute mania- euphoria, excessive psychomotor, sexual interest, bizarre dress

140
Q

stage three bipolar

A

delirious mania- severe clouding of consciousness, rare due to antipsychotic meds

141
Q

why would you use antidepressants with care?

A

if person is severely depressed, antidepressant could give them enough energy to follow through on suicidal or dangerous behaviors

142
Q

therapeutic range for lithium

A

.5-1.5 mEq/L

143
Q

lithium

A

antimanic

144
Q

Tegretol

A

anticonvulsant, mood stabilizer

145
Q

Depakene

A

anticonvulsant, mood stabilizer

146
Q

Depakote

A

anticonvulsant, mood stabilizer

147
Q

generalized anxiety disorder

A

chronic, unrealistic, and excessive anxiety and worry

148
Q

agoraphobia

A

fear of being in places and situations where escape might be difficult

149
Q

obsessions

A

unwanted. intrusive, persistent ideas, may be associated with anxiety disorders

150
Q

compulsions

A

unwanted repetitive behavior patterns or mental acts that are intended to reduce anxiety, not to provide pleasure or gratification

151
Q

why do you need to wean client off of benzodiazepines and SSRIs slowly?

A

tolerance and addiction

152
Q

systematic desensitization

A

client is gradually exposed to the phobic stimulus

153
Q

implosion therapy

A

flooding- must imagine or participate in situations that they are scared of for extended amounts of time and relaxation technique is not part of this

154
Q

Xanax

A

benzodiazepine

155
Q

Klonopin

A

benzodiazepine

156
Q

Valium

A

benzodiazepine

157
Q

Ativan

A

benzodiazepine

158
Q

why would we give an antihypertensive med to an anxious patient?

A

beta blocker to slow heart rate and blood pressure

159
Q

PTSD treatment

A

benzodiazepine to SSRI

160
Q

somatization disorder

A

perceiving an illness, disorder is chronic, substance abuse common

161
Q

primary gain

A

client avoids unpleasant activity

162
Q

secondary gain

A

symptoms promote emotional support or attention (sympathy)

163
Q

tertiary gain

A

physical symptom may take such a position that the real issue is disregarded and remains unresolved (their life now revolves around issue)

164
Q

hypochondriasis

A

believing you had a disease, anxiety, depression, OCD, antidepressant

165
Q

la bella indifference

A

lack of concern that is out of keeping with the severity of the impairment- clue to physicians that problem is psychological, rather than physical

166
Q

localized amnesia

A

inability to recall all incidents associated with the traumatic event for a specific period following the event

167
Q

selective amnesia

A

inability to recall only certain incidents associated with traumatic event for a specific period following the event

168
Q

continuous amnesia

A

inability to recall events occurring after a specific time up to and including the present

169
Q

generalized amnesia

A

inability to recall anything that has happened during the individual’s entire lifetime

170
Q

systematized amnesia

A

inability to recall events relating to a specific category of information, such as one’s family or one particular person or event

171
Q

dissociative fugue

A

sudden, unexpected travel away from home or workplace and individual is unable to recall personal identity and assumption of a new identity is common

172
Q

dissociative identity disorder (DID)

A

existence of two or more personalities with a single individual

173
Q

depersonalization disorder

A

detachment from oneself or observing oneself from outside the body

174
Q

depersonalization

A

disturbance in the perception of oneself

175
Q

derealization

A

alteration in the perception of the external environment

175
Q

Topamax

A

Anticonvulsant, mood stabilizer

176
Q

Librium

A

Benzodiazepine

177
Q

Restoril

A

Benzodiazepine

178
Q

Luvox

A

SSRI

179
Q

Lexapro

A

SSRI

180
Q

Wellbutrin/Zypan

A

Tricyclic

181
Q

Remeron

A

Tricyclic

182
Q

Deseryl

A

Tricyclic

183
Q

Effexor

A

Tricyclic

185
Q

Buspar

A

Anxiolytic

186
Q

symptoms of alcohol withdrawal

A

tremors in hands, nausea, tachycardia, anxiety, etc

187
Q

symptoms of CNS stimulant withdrawal

A

cocaine & amphetamines: insomnia, vivid dreams, increased appetite, psychomotor retardation

188
Q

Benzodiazepine

A

Anxiety, substance abuse, PTSD, phobia

188
Q

symptoms of opioid withdrawal

A

heroin: nausea, muscle aches, diarrhea, fever

LCCC Nursing (15 decks)

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