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Psych Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Psychology

A

The study of behavior and mind

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2
Q

Who viewed the world as a picture

A

John Locke

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3
Q

Who viewed the world as a painting

A

Emmanuel Kant

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4
Q

Whats Empiricism

A

Evidence thru observing

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5
Q

Whats Nativism

A

Innate Knowledge

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6
Q

When was the first lab

A

1897

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7
Q

Who is the father of Psych

A

William Wundt

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8
Q

Whats Structuralism

A

analyze mind by breaking
it down into basic parts, studied thru introspection

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9
Q

Whats functionalism

A

How mind processes info to help humans adapt
what you do not what your made of

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10
Q

Whos Sigmund Freed

A

Developed Psychoanalytic theory

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11
Q

Whats Psychoanalysis

A

Therapy aiming to provide insight into
contents of unconscious mind

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12
Q

Whats Behavioralism

A

suggests that psychologists should
only study objectively observable behavior

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13
Q

Gestalt

A

The whole is more than
the sum of its parts.

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14
Q

Social Psychology

A

deals with social interactions

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15
Q

Cognitive Psychology

A

scientific study of human
information processing, including perception, thought,
memory, and reasoning

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16
Q

Evolutionary psychology

A

studies how mind & behavior have
been shaped by natural selection

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17
Q

Cultural Psychology

A

studies how
cultures (values, traditions, &
beliefs) influence mental
processes of their members

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18
Q

Whats Rationalism

A

knowledge thru reason and argument

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19
Q

Scientific Method steps (there are 6)

A
  1. Identify Problem
  2. Gather info
  3. Hypothesis
  4. Design and conduct
  5. analyze
  6. restart
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20
Q

The 5 ethics principles

A
  • Beneficence
  • Fidelity & Responsibility
  • Integrity
  • Justice
  • Respect for people’s rights
    & dignity
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21
Q

Independent variable

A

The variable that is manipulated

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22
Q

Dependent Variable

A

Variable thats measures

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23
Q

Experimental vs controlled

A

ex: group that does experiment
cont: baseline measure

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24
Q

Types of measurement

A

Reliability: How consistent is measure
Validity: How accurate is measure
Power: Ability to detect differences in
variable being measured, when they exist

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25
Q

Internal Validity

A

How much did IV(s)
cause changes in DV(s)?

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26
Q

External Validity

A

How well do findings
generalize to real-world settings?

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27
Q

Scatterplots

A

visual representation of
relationship between variables

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28
Q

Linear + and -

A

Positive ~ as X scores increase, Y scores
also tend to increase
* Negative ~ as X scores increase, Y scores
tend to decrease

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29
Q

nonlinear

A

Curvilinear ~ as X scores increase, Y
scores alter direction after certain point in
relationship
* No relationship ~ X & Y scores do not
seem to move in same direction

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30
Q

Two Major Nervous System Divisions

A

Central (CNS)
Peripheral (PNS)

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31
Q

Central (CNS)

A

Brain and spinal cord

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32
Q

Peripheral (PNS)

A

Everything besides brain and spinal

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33
Q

Somatic nervous system (SNS)

A

Voluntary Movement
conveys information into & out of CNS

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34
Q

Autonomic nervous systems (ANS)

A

carries
involuntary & automatic commands that control
blood vessels, body organs, & glands

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35
Q

Divisions of Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

A

sympathetic NS
Parasympathetic NS

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36
Q

Sympathetic NS

A

Fight or Flight

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37
Q

Parasympathetic NS

A

Relax and rest

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38
Q

Spinal Cord

A

transmit sensory information
to brain & to distribute motor information to
organs and muscles

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39
Q

Divisions of Brain

A

Hindbrain
Midbrain
Forebrain

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40
Q

Hindbrain

A

Controls basic life functions

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41
Q

Midbrain

A

Orientation and movement

42
Q

Whats the highest level of the brain

43
Q

Forebrain

A

cognitive, emotional, sensory, & motor functions
15

44
Q

Hindbrain Parts (4)

A

Medulla
Reticular Formation
Pons
Cerebellum

45
Q

Medulla

A

Survival Center (heart and lungs)

46
Q

Reticular Formation

A

regulates arousal, sleep,
wakefulness, attention, & alertness

47
Q

Pons

A

rea of info relay from
cerebellum to rest of brain

48
Q

Cerebellum

A

Controls & coordinates fine
motor movements

49
Q

Midbrain Parts (theres 2)

A

Tectum
Tegmentum

50
Q

Tectum

A

Helps orient in environment

51
Q

Tegmentum

A

movement and arousal

52
Q

Parts of Forebrain (3)

A

Cerebral cortex
subcortical Structures
Corpus Callosum

53
Q

Cerebral Cortex

A

Outermost brain layer divided into 2 hemispheres

54
Q

Subcortical Structures

A

Housed under cerebral
cortex near brain’s center

55
Q

Corpus Callosum

A

thick band of nerve
fibers connecting the 2 hemispheres (used to cut during strokes)

56
Q

Limbic System (4)

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Hippocampus
Amygdala

57
Q

Thalamus

A

Relay station for sensory info (not smell)

58
Q

Hypothalamus

A

keeps body balanced

59
Q

Hippocampus

A

learning and memory

60
Q

Amygdala

61
Q

4 Lobes of Brain

A

Frontal
Temporal
Parietal
Occipital

62
Q

Frontal Lobe

A

Movement, planning, memory, judgment, etc.

63
Q

Pre-Frontal Cortex

A

complex decision-making

64
Q

Brocas Area

A

Speech Production

65
Q

Temporal Lobe

A

hearing and language

66
Q

Parietal Lobe

67
Q

Occipital Lobe

A

light and visual

68
Q

Endocrine System

A

network of glands that produces &
secretes hormones into bloodstream

69
Q

Whats the master gland

A

Pituitary gland

70
Q

Pituitary gland

A

releases horomones
Control stress, digestive activities, & reproductive processes

71
Q

Pineal gland

A

helps sleep

72
Q

Cell

A

basic structural &
functional unit of life
forms.
carries out functions

73
Q

Neurons

A

communicate with each other

74
Q

Glial Cells

A

support cells

75
Q

Neuroplasticity

A

ability of
neurons & their networks to
change

76
Q

BRAIN PLASTICITY

A

Brains ability to change

77
Q

Parts of a neuron

A

Dendrites
Soma
Axon
Nodes of Ranvier
Axon Terminals

78
Q

Dendrites

A

receives info
from other neurons &
relays to soma

79
Q

Soma

A

keeps cell alives, holds nucleus (DNA)

80
Q

Axon

A

carries messages from soma to terminal

81
Q

Nodes of Ranvier

A

gaps of myelin sheath

82
Q

Myelin

A

fatty layer surrounding nerve cells, brain, and spinal cord

83
Q

Axon terminals

A

releases neuron transmitters

84
Q

Synapse

A

fluid-filled space between neurons

85
Q

What is connected to the soma

86
Q

Conduction

A

Movement with neuron

87
Q

Transmission

A

movement across synapse

88
Q

Whats negative internal charge

89
Q

Whats resting potential

A

difference in electric charge between inside and outside of neuron’s cell membrane

90
Q

What stages are referred to as electrochemical action

A

transmission and conduction

91
Q

Whats action potential

A

electric
signal conducted along neuron’s axon
to synapse
rapid charge to neuron

92
Q

Whats a refractory period

A

time following
an AP during which a new AP can’t
be initiated

93
Q

whats the cells body

94
Q

What’s it called when something blocks a neuro transmitter (NT)

A

Antagonist

95
Q

What records electrical activity of neurons

96
Q

What uses x-rays to locate tumors

97
Q

What brain study method uses magnetism

98
Q

What measures activation of
areas during task via changes in
blood flow

99
Q

What uses radiation to track
activation, molecular changes, &
NTM release

100
Q

Which hemisphere is responsible for reading, writing, understanding, speaking, ect.

101
Q

Which hemisphere is responsible for task, inferring, and creativity

Psych Exam 1 (4 decks)

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