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Psych Flashcards

1
Q

most common type of phobia

A

Social phobia

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2
Q

What did Emil Kraepelin do?

A

Used the term dementia precox for the description of schizophrenia

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3
Q

What did Aaron T. Beck do?

A

Developed the cognitive theory and therapy of depression

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4
Q

What did Carl Rogers do?

A

Developed the client-centered therapy

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5
Q

What did Ugo Cerletti do?

A

Was the first who used electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).

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6
Q

What did Avshalom Caspi do?

A

Was the first who described the role of gene-environmental interaction in the development of depression

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7
Q

What is the average IQ?

A

100

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8
Q

What are some personality tests?

A

Rorschach probe

MMPI

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9
Q

Which is a projective test

A

Rorschach probe

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10
Q

Questionnaires for the assessment of the severity of depressive symptoms

A

1) Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D)
2) Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)
3) Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)

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11
Q

Szondi test

A

Szondi test is a projective personality test and it is not appropriate for assessing dementias

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12
Q

Perseveration

A

This is the repetition of a particular response (such as a word, phrase, or gesture) regardless of the absence or cessation of a stimulus. It is usually caused by a brain injury or other organic disorder.

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13
Q

Coprolalia

A

the involuntary and repetitive use of obscene language, as a symptom of mental illness or organic brain disease.

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14
Q

Rumination

A

a deep or considered thought about something.

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15
Q

Compulsion

A

an irresistible urge to behave in a certain way.

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16
Q

Echolalia

A

meaningless repetition of another person’s spoken words as a symptom of psychiatric disorder.

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17
Q

hallucination

A

sensory perception in the absence of external stimuli that is similar in quality to a true perception

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18
Q

illusion

A

misperception of a real external stimulus

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19
Q

Alexithymia

A

characterized by difficulties in expressing and verbalizing emotions.

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20
Q

Delusion

A

This is a symptom of the content of thinking

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21
Q

De Clérambault symptom

A

Popularly called erotomania, the syndrome is characterized by the delusional idea, usually in a young woman, that a man whom she considers to be of higher social and/or professional standing is in love with her

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22
Q

Nihilistic delusion

A

the belief that oneself, a part of one’s body, or the real world does not exist or has been destroyed.

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23
Q

Delusion of infestation is also known as

A

Ekbom symptom

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24
Q

Ganser syndrome

A

This is the clouding of consciousness with disorientation, severe emotional stress, pseudohallucinations and amnesia are present. It is typically associated with patients undergoing trail

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25
Q

Active negativism

A

behavior characterized by doing the opposite of what is being asked, is commonly encountered with young children.

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26
Q

Capgras syndrome

A

t’s also known as “imposter syndrome” or “Capgras delusion.” People who experience this syndrome will have an irrational belief that someone they know or recognize has been replaced by an imposter.

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27
Q

pseudologia fantastica

A

This is pathological lying

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28
Q

Frégoli syndrome

A

The Fregoli delusion is a rare disorder in which a person holds a delusional belief that different people are in fact a single person who changes appearance or is in disguise

29
Q

Cotard syndrome

A

Cotard delusion is a rare condition marked by the false belief that you or your body parts are dead, dying, or don’t exist. It usually occurs with severe depression and some psychotic disorders. It can accompany other mental illnesses and neurological conditions.

30
Q

Bleuler’s 4 A’s

A

This is the 4 fundamental disturbances of schizophrenia

  1. affective disturbance
  2. ambivalence
  3. autism
  4. disturbance of thought association
31
Q

Macropsia

A

is a neurological condition affecting human visual perception, in which objects within an affected section of the visual field appear larger than normal, causing the person to feel smaller than they actually are.

32
Q

Micropsia

A

is a neurological condition affecting human visual perception, in which objects within an affected section of the visual field appear smaller than normal, causing the person to feel bigger than they actually are.

33
Q

Pareidolia

A

is the tendency for incorrect perception of a stimulus as an object, pattern or meaning known to the observer, such as seeing shapes in clouds, seeing faces in inanimate objects or abstract patterns, or hearing hidden messages in music

34
Q

Dysmegalopsia

A

It translates roughly as the diminished ability to appreciate the size of objects

35
Q

Rapid cycling

A

The definition of rapid cycling is 4 episodes of bipolar disorder within one year

36
Q

Dysthymia

A

depressed mood for most of the day, for more days than not, as indicated either by subjective account or observation by others, for ≥2 yr

37
Q

Cyclothymia

A

presence of numerous periods of hypomanic and depressive symptoms (not meeting criteria for full
hypomanic episode or MDE) for ≥2 yr; never without symptoms for >2 mo
(Kinda a mixture btw Major depressive syndrome & hypomania)

38
Q

Medications that cause mania

A

cocaine, speed (metamphetamin)

high dose antidepressants

39
Q

Medications that cause depression

A

corticosteroids

reserpine

40
Q

Changes during sleep in MDD

A

early sleep onset, wakening, and decreased REM-latency.

41
Q

Symptoms of severe depression

A

agitated, anxious, experience sadness and anhedonia

42
Q

Who gave schizophrenia its name?

A

Eugen Bleuler

43
Q

Timothy Crow

A

Positive and negative symptoms

44
Q

Eugen Bleuler

A

Fundamental and accessory symptoms

45
Q

Kurt Schneider

A

first-rank and second-rank symptoms

46
Q

Karl Leonhard

A

systematic and unsystematic schizophrenias

47
Q

cenesthopathic

A

A hypertrophic alteration in the sense of bodily being, caused by abnormal, bizarre sensations in the body.

48
Q

Phases of human sexual response

A

desire, excitement, orgasm and resolution

49
Q

Somatization disorder is often comorbid with

A

Histrionic personality disorder

50
Q

Hachinski Ischaemic Scale

A

This s a brief clinical tool that can be used to identify patients with vascular dementia

51
Q

frequent reasons of delirium

A

alcohol and medical drug intoxication or withdrawal, metabolic disorders (e.g. hypoxia, hypo-, or hyperglycaemia, electrolyte imbalance, renal or hepatic failure, anaemia, vitamin deficiency, endocrinopathy), cardiovascular disorders (e.g. cardiac failure, myocardial infarct, arrhythmia, shock), central nervous system disorders (e.g. trauma, epileptic seizure, infection, tumour, cerebrovascular disorder).

52
Q

paradox intention method

A

a suggested method for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive symptoms

53
Q

Agents used in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

A

Antidepressants & buspirone

54
Q

affective disorders

A

are a set of psychiatric disorders, also called mood disorders.

55
Q

conversion disorder

A

Conversion disorder is a disorder in which a person experiences blindness, paralysis, or other symptoms affecting the nervous system that cannot be explained solely by a physical illness or injury. Symptoms usually begin suddenly after a period of emotional or physical distress or psychological conflict.

56
Q

Werther effect

A

The massive wave of copycat suicides after a widely publicized suicide through social learning

57
Q

Therapeutic blood concentration of lithium

A

0.5-1.0 mmol/l

58
Q

Common side effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

A
  1. sexual dysfunction (late ejaculation, anorgasmia)

2. nausea

59
Q

Pathway of action of typical antipsychotics

A

They are antagonists of dopamine receptors in the mesolimbic pathway (inhibition).

60
Q

Symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

1) hyperthermia
2) muscular rigidity
3) confusion

61
Q

akathisia

A

movement disorder characterized by a feeling of inner restlessness and inability to stay still. Usually, the legs are most prominently affected.

62
Q

acute dyskinesia

A

Dyskinesia refers to a category of movement disorders that are characterized by involuntary muscle movements, including movements similar to tics or chorea and diminished voluntary movements

63
Q

collaborative empiricism

A

the collaborative relationship between a patient and a therapist

64
Q

disengagement

A

often describes the traits of a family or the current type of family interaction or functioning. Disengaged families lack intimacy between the members.

65
Q

Ergotherapy

A

Vocational therapy

66
Q

Who established the school called analytical psychology

A

Jung

67
Q

Individual psychology was introduced by

A

Alfred Adler

68
Q

unconditional positive regard

A

a concept developed by the humanistic psychologist Carl Rogers, is the basic acceptance and support of a person regardless of what the person says or does, especially in the context of client-centred therapy.

69
Q

What plays a specific factor in person-centered therapy?

A

A) unconditional positive regard
B) empathy
C) congruence

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