Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physics 109 > PSYCH 405 CH 4 > Flashcards

PSYCH 405 CH 4 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Physics flashcards Physics 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is an assessment?

A

a collection of relevant information to reach a conclusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is clinical assessment?

A

an assessment used to determine whether, how, and why a person is behaving abnormally and how it may be helped.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does it mean to standardize something?

A

the process in which a test is administered to a large group of people whose performance then serves as a standard where scores of individual people are measured against

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is reliability? what is test-retest reliablility? What is interrater reliability?

A

the consistency of assessment measure. A good assessment will yield similar results
1. test-retest reliability: a test gives similar results every time it is given to similar people
2. interrater reliability: different judges of the test agree on how to interpret it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is validity? face validity? predictive validity? concurrent validity?

A

the test must accurately measure what it is supposed to measure
1. face validity: an assessment toll appears to be valid
2. predictive validity: a tool’s ability to predict future characteristics or behavior
3. Concurrent validity: the degree to which the measures gathered from one tool agree with the measures gathered from other assessment techniques

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What qualifications make an assessment useful? (3)

A

it must meet the requirements of standardization, reliability, and validity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is a clinical interview? What is its purpose?

A

a face to face encounter (with a therapist?); the purpose is to give special attention to topics they consider most important

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is an unstructured interview?

A

clinical asks open-ended questions; lack of structure allows interviewer to follow leads and explore relevant topics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is a structured interview?

A

clinicians ask specific questions and used an interview schedule ( a standard set of questions for all interviews); this type of interview makes sure clinicians cover same kinds of important issues that can be used to compare other people.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a mental status exam?

A

a set of questions and observations that systematically evaluate the client’s awareness with regard to time, place, memory, mood, appearance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are some limitations of clinical interviews?

A
  • lack validity, people may lie (Same for unstructured interviews)
  • people with depression may present themselves poorly which isn’t true
  • interviewer bias
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are clinical test?

A

devices for gathering information about a few aspects of a person’s psychological functioning where generalizations can be made

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are projective tests?

A

a test where people have to respond to ambiguous stimuli or follow open-ended instructions. The idea is that people will project aspects of their personality when doing the test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the Rorschach test?

A

interpreting inkblots; the creator found that those who had schizophrenia saw different images than people who have depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the thematic apperception test (TAT)?

A

people are shown 30 cards of black and white pictures of people and must make up a story about each. Clinicians believe people identify with one of the characters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the sentence completion test?

A

finishing sentences as a way to ease into conversation and pinpoint topics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the Draw-a-person (DAP) test?

A

clients asked to draw human figures, drawings are then judges by shape, line, location, size, features and background

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is something useful about projective tests?

A

they offer clinicians supplementary insight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the limitations of projective tests?

A

have low validity and reliability, also biased against POC
ex. TAT does not show pictures of POC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is a personality inventory?

A

a test designed to measure broad personality traits
ex. statements of behaviors, beliefs, feelings where people deem whether or not it is applicable to them
ex. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the MMPI?

A

stands for Minnesota Multi phasic Personality Inventory; has 500 self statements labels true, false, or cannot say. Topics include physcial concerns, mood, sexual behaviors, social activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is a profile?

A

a pattern when the scores of the MMPI are compared; it indicates a person’s general personality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are some advantages of the MMPI over projective tests?

A
  • they do not take much time to administer
  • objectively scored
  • standardized so comparisons can be made
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are some advantages and disadvantages of personality inventory?

A

ad: theya have more validity
dis: personality traits cannot be examined directly; have cultural limitations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

response inventories

A

ask people to provide detailed information about themselves but the test focuses on one specific area of functioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

affective inventories

A

measure the severity of anxiety, depression, anger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

social skills inventories

A

behavioral and family-social, ask client to respond to a variety of social situations

28
Q

cognitive inventories

A

reveal a person’s typical thoughts and assumptions and help uncover counterproductive patterns of thinking

29
Q

What are some limitations of inventories?

A

lack of standardization, reliability, validity

30
Q

psychophysiological tests

A

measure physiological responses as possible indicators of psychological problems

31
Q

galvanic skin response

A

physiological changes of skin reactions

32
Q

polygraph/ lie detector

A

electors are attached to a person’s body and detect changes in breathing, perspiration, and heart wile the person answers questions

33
Q

what are limitations of psychophysiological tests?

A

they require expensive equipment and are inaccurate

34
Q

neuroimaging /brain-scanning

A

designed to measure brain structure and activity directly

35
Q

electroencephalogram (EEG)

A

records brain waves through electrodes placed on the scalp that sends waves to a machine that records them
does not pinpoint where the activity is coming from

36
Q

computerized axial tomography (CT/CAT scan)

A

x rays of brain structure are taken at different angles and then combines

37
Q

positron emission tomography (PET)

A

computer produced motion picture of chemical activity throughout the brain

38
Q

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

use magnetic hydrogen atoms to produce a detailed image of the brain

39
Q

functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

A

coverts MRI pics into detailed picture of neuron activity (functioning brain pic)

40
Q

neuropsychological test

A

measure cognitive, perceptual, motor performance
abnormal performance means underlying brain problems

41
Q

Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt test

A

asked to look and redraw 9 cards

42
Q

intelligence

A

the capacity to judge well

43
Q

intelligence test

A

tests various verbal and nonverbal skills

44
Q

intelligence quotient (IQ)

A

general score from intelligence tests

45
Q

What are some limitation of Intelligence tests?

A

-cultural bias
- test anxiety influences results
- bias scoring

46
Q

naturalistic observation

A

clinicians observe clients in everyday environments

47
Q

analog observation

A

clinicians observe them in artificial setting

48
Q

self-monitoring

A

clients observe themselves

49
Q

clinical picture

A

integrated picture of the factors that are causing and maintaining a clients disturbance

50
Q

diagnosis

A

a determination of a person’s psychological problems for a disorder

51
Q

syndrome

A

a cluster of symptoms

52
Q

diagnostic category

A

a particular pattern of symptoms

53
Q

classification system

A

a list of categories, disorders, with descriptions of the symptoms and guidelines for assigning individuals to categories

54
Q

ICD

A

international classification of Diseases, DSM but for other countries

55
Q

DMS-5 Work groups

A

group of clinicians and researchers that collected input to develop DSM

56
Q

Categorical information

A

the name of the distinct category

57
Q

dimensional information

A

how severe a client’s symptoms are and how dysfunctional the client is

58
Q

anxiety disorder

A

general feelings of anxiety and worry

59
Q

depressive disorder

A

extreme episodes of sadness

60
Q

validity of the classification system

A

the accuracy of the diagnostic categories provided

61
Q

predictive validity

A

how predictable are the future symptoms/events

62
Q

empirically supported/ evidence based treatment

A

a movement where the clinical field seeks to identify which therapies have received clear support or each disorder and what treatments guidelines follow

63
Q

uniformity myth

A

a false belief that all therapies are equivalent despite differences in the therapists’ training, experience, theoretical orientations, and personalities

64
Q

rapprochement movement

A

a movement to identify a set of common factors or common strategies that run through all successful therapies

65
Q

psychopharmacologist

A

a psychiatrist who primarily prescribes medications

Physics 109 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions