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1st Year Psych Uni > Psych 123 > Flashcards

Psych 123 Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Qualia

A

The subjective experience of a perception ie- seeing the colour red

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2
Q

Name the 3 principles of Behaviourism

A

1- Aim to explain behaviour and not thoughts that are directly observable and objective

2- Result in simple theories

3-The objective is to break down behaviour into irreducible units

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3
Q

What are the levels of explanation (Marr, 1982)

A
  • Computational
  • Algorithmic
  • Physical
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4
Q

What is an Independent Variable?

A

The manipulation and factor you change

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5
Q

What is the dependent variable?

A

The measure or outcome
This is directly affected by the IV

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6
Q

What is the cognitive approach?

A

You cant understand all of human behaviour only by stimulus response

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7
Q

Name the levels of measurement

A

Nominal
Ordinal
Interval
Ratio

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8
Q

Define reliability

A

How consistent a measure is

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9
Q

What are the types of reliability (3)

A
  • test-retest method
  • internal consistency
  • inter-rater reliability
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10
Q

Define validity

A

Are you measuring what you think your measuring?

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11
Q

Name the types of validity

A
  • Face validity
  • Criterion validity
  • Content validity
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12
Q

What direction does the bell curve shift if it is a positive skew?

A

Left

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13
Q

What is a within subject design

A

All the participants do both conditions

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14
Q

What is a between subject design

A

2 separate groups, half do 1 condition, the other do the other

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15
Q

Weakness of Within subject design and how to fix

A

Order effects ie fatigue and practice
Can be minimised using counterbalancing

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16
Q

Name a strength of between subject design

A

If the aim of the study is obvious, then this can be used to reduce demand characteristics

17
Q

What are Extraneous variables

A

Any influence on the DV (outside the IV)

18
Q

What is a confounding variable

A

A type of EV that impacts the DV and causes a difference between the 2 groups ie temperature, smoking or not, if you’ve just eaten etc

19
Q

What is experimenter bias and how to fix it

A

when an experimenter treats one group of ppts differently than another, to fix they should follow a script

20
Q

What is selection bias

A

the type of people to voluunteer to participate may be more naturally helpful etc

21
Q

what are the possible problems in experiments (6)

A
  • Order effects
  • Demand characteristics
  • Selection bias
  • Assignment/allocation bias
  • Experimenter bias
  • Confirmation bias
22
Q

What are the 3 types of measures?

A

Self report
behavioural
physiological

23
Q

Content Validity

A

Does the measure cover the variables you intend to measure.

24
Q

Criterion Validity

A

How well your measure varies with known measures

1st Year Psych Uni (6 decks)

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