Psych Flashcards
Which gender is OCD more common?
Boys
Clonidine is used in the treatment of ADHD T/F
T -when stimulants are ineffective or contraindicated.
CRAFFT is a screening test for what? when is it considered positive
Drug and alcohol abuse
Positive if 2 or more points
Note: first ask adolescent: 1. have you ever drunk more than a few sips of alcohol 2. have you ever used marijuana or a synthetic marijuana 3. have you ever used any other substances to get high. If yes to any of these proceed to CRAFFT screen
3 cardinal features of autism spectrum disorder?
Impaired verbal and non verbal communication
Restricted interest and stereotypical body movements
Impaired social interactions
Special education services should be provided in a separate classroom, when possible. T/F
F - the children should be removed from their usual classroom as little as possible. In other word the services should be provided in the least restrictive environment
How long must symptoms of ADHD be present before a diagnosis can be made?
At least 6 months
Note: must also have symptoms in 2 or more environments (eg at home and school)
Contra indications to the use of stimulants for treatment of ADHD
Glaucoma
Uncontrolled seizures
Cardiac disease
Active substance misuse
3rd line tx of ADHD
Atomoxetine
Note: 1st and 2nd line is stimulants
How long dose it take for steady state of Atomoxetine to be reached?
About 6 weeks (due to long half life)
Common side effect of Atomoxetine include abdominal pain, decreased appetite and somnolence T/F
True
Less common headaches, fatigue, dyspepsia, vomiting, and diarrhea
Rarely hepatitis
What % of children will have ADHD symptoms into adulthood?
Up to 60%
A child with ODD often initiates physical alterations T/F
F - that is one of the major differences between ODD and conduct disorder.
Note: 30% of children with ODD will progress to conduct disorder.
Cocaine use can lead to cerebral haemorrhage T/F
T - due to vasoconstriction
Other complications from the vasoconstriction include MI, stroke and seizure
Fire setting always requires intervention by a mental health specialist T/F
T
First line medication for OCD?
SSRIs (fluoxetine)
Note: CBT is the psychotherapy of choice
Timing of acute stress disorder?
3 days to one month post event
Note: > 1 month the disorder may be PTSD
Timing of adjustment disorder?
Within 3 months of the onset of the stressor
Note: persists for no longer than 6 months
What is the most common comorbidity with depression?
Anxiety
Initiating SSRI at higher than recommended initial doses is associated with what?
Associated with increased self harm episodes
Bipolar disorder is more common in females T/F
F - equal sex distribution
Duration of mania vs hypomania?
Mania lasts at least 7 days
Hypomania lasts at least 4 days but less than 7 days and the impairment is less severe
Features of cyclothymic disorder
Multiple episodes of hypomania and subsyndromal depression for at least 1 year
Patients with a diagnosis of bipolar II have episodes of depression, alternating with mania T/F
F - depression and hypomania
Note: Bipolar I can be diagnosed after one episode of mania; in bipolar II need depression and hypomania
When does AAP recommend screening for depression?
12 - 21 yrs old
Common cardiac complication of anorexia nervosa?
Prolonged QT
MVP
History of adoption places an adolescent at high risk for depression T/F
T
Other RFs - personal or family history of depression; other psych diagnosis; substance use; trauma; psychosocial adversity; frequency somatic complaints
Patient with anorexia nervosa hospitalised and being feed develops respiratory distress, new gallop and bilateral rales what is the most likely cause?
Hypophosphataemia (decreased myocardial contractility and weakness of diaphragm)
