ID COPY

Question 1

Daycare attendance is a risk factor for antibiotic resistant Strep pneumoniae otitis media infection T/F

Answer 1

True

Question 2

List risk factors for for antibiotic resistant Strep pneumoniae otitis media

Answer 2

Daycare attendance
Recent antibiotic use
Recurrent otitis media
Patients under 2 years

Question 3

Most common cause of bacterial endocarditis in children?

Answer 3

Viridans strep

Question 4

Janeway lesions and Roth spots are often found in Subacute bacterial endocarditis T/F

Answer 4

F - Roth spots may be found in SBE, Janeway lesions may be found in ACUTE endocarditis, rare in SBE

Question 5

What 3 untreated infectious diseases are absolute contra indications to breastfeeding in the USA?

Answer 5

HIV
HTLV - 1
HTLV - 2

Note: mothers with untreated TB should also not breastfeed but may provide expressed breastmilk

Question 6

What is the most common cause of gastro illness associated with locally contaminated recreation water (eg water parks, pools, lakes)

Answer 6

Cryptosporidium infection

Note: Generally self limiting and does not require tx in immune competent unless severe or persists for > 2 weeks.
Can also be animal - person or person-person transmission

Question 7

What is the first line treatment for Cryptosporidium infection?

Answer 7

Nitazoxanide

Question 8

What is the finding on stool sample of Cryptosporidium infection?

Answer 8

Small round oocytes, sometimes containing visible sporozoites
Direct fluorescent antibody testing is preferred test

Question 9

Toxoplasmosis is the leading infectious cause of congenital SN deafness T/F

Answer 9

F - CMV is the leading cause

Question 10

CMV is the leading infectious cause of congenital SN deafness T/F

Answer 10

T

Question 11

Infants with congenital CMV are treated with a 6 month course of oral valganciclovir T/F

Answer 11

F - Only those with moderate or severe symptoms. Not recommend for asymptomatic or mild symptoms as not proven to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes or hearing

Question 12

Arcanobacterium haemolyticum is a common cause of what illness?

How is diagnosis made?

Answer 12

Acute pharyngitis

By culture on blood enriched media (not commonly done with throat swabs)

Note: common in adolescents; except from absence of palatal petechiae and strawberry tongue it is indistinguishable from Group A strep infectious

Question 13

Treatment for Arcanobacterium haemolyticum ?

Answer 13

Erythromycin

Question 14

Morphology of Arcanobacterium haemolyticum

Answer 14

Gram + rod

Note: Bacillus anthracis and Corynebacterium diphtheria are also gram + rods

Question 15

Treatment of neonatal conjunctivitis cause by Chlamydia?

Answer 15

14 days of erythromycin
or 3 days of azithromycin

Note: pyloric stenosis is a SE of erythromycin

Question 16

Pathogen that causes Rocky Mountain Spotted fever? Treatment?

Answer 16

Rickettsia rickettsii

Doxycycline

Question 17

How long is the treatment course for Rocky Mountain Spotted fever

Answer 17

Doxycycline should be continued for 3 days or more after the patient has become afebrile and is clinically improved

Question 18

Conjunctivitis after swimming, what pathogen?

Answer 18

Adenovirus