Psych 100: Ch 8.2 Flashcards
System 2
For mathematical calculations, evaluating evidence, and anything else that requires attention
System 1
Quick, automatic processes (such as recognizing familiar faces and routine actions) and for questions we think are easy
Algorithm
An explicit procedure for calculating an answer or testing every hypothesis
Heuristic
A strategy for simplifying a problem and generating a satisfactory guess
Maximizing
Thoroughly considering as many choices as possible to find the best one
Satisficing
Searching only until you find something satisfactory
Representative Heuristic
The assumption that an item that resembles members of a category is probably also in that category
Base-Rate Information
How common the two categories are
Availability Heuristic
The tendency to assume that if we easily think of examples of a category, then that category must be common
Critical Thinking
The careful evaluation of evidence for and against any conclusion
Confirmation Bias
Accepting a hypothesis and then looking for evidence to support it instead of considering other possibilities
Functional Fixedness
The tendency to adhere to a single approach or a single way of using an item
Sunk Cost Effect
The willingness to do something because of money or effort already spent
Near Transfer
Benefit to a new skill based on practice of a similar skill
Far Transfer
Benefit from practicing something less similar
