PSYC midterm 3 Flashcards
Problem with LTM
How to acquire information from experience, maintain it over time,
and use it when relevant to guide behavior and plan future actions
Importance of LTM
In Order to change in a meaningful way we have to remember the past
Challenge of LTM
Out of all of experience, what to remember, and how to retrieve it when needed
Is learning the same thing as memory
yes
Processes involved in LTM
encoding, storage, retrieval,
Some types of LTM
semantic (facts), episodic (past experiences), procedural (how to do things)
Systems involved in LTM?
hippocampus, cortex, amygdala, ..
Tasks to study LTM:
free recall, stem completion, motor sequence learning, …
What does memory require in the nervous system
physical change
What part of the nervous system is involved in memory?
Memory is pervasive (almost every part is involved)
common underlying representation of all forms of memory?
number & strength of synaptic connections between neurons
How is STM, working memory, and sensory memory represented differently than LTM?
represented by which neurons are active at that moment and if they stop firing memory gets lost
require active maintenance
Can long term memories be passively stored
yes
Whereis the organization of storage and processing in memory located?
location of memory storage and processing coincide
How does interpretation of representations occur in LTM?
Interpretation of a synaptic weight depends on its location in nervous system (e.g. a synapse in V1 represents something visual) → where memory is is part of its meaning
What are memories accesses based on?
content (e.g. “What do you know about pandas?”) not location
What is encoding of memory in LTM?
Initial creation of memory traces in brain from incoming information → making memories
What is storage of memory in LTM?
Retention of memory traces over time
What is retrieval of memory in LTM?
Accessing/using stored information from memory traces
What is memory consolidation?
Continued organization and stabilization of memory traces over time → the way memories are initially stored may be different than how they are eventually stored
What is memory reconsolidating in LTM?
Possible reorganization and restabilization of memory traces after retrieval
after retrieval the memory can change
What are other words for short-term memory?
Working memory
Sensory memory
What are the two types of long-term memory?
Explicit (declarative)
Implicit (non-declarative)
what are the 4 types of implicit memory?
Procedural memory
Perceptual memory (priming)
Classical conditioning
Non-associative learning