Psyc Final Flashcards
approach that states that all behaviors have a cause and don’t happen on accident; there’s a reason behind the behaviors that you do
determinism
Freud element of personality that is entirely unconscious and has no contact with reality; follows the pleasure principle; libido; iceberg metaphor
Id
Freud element of personality that is conscious; follows reality principle (keeps you out of trouble); follows laws, social expectations, and rules.
Ego
Voice of morality; conscious; punishes you by experiencing guilt and shame when you do something bad
Superego
sum total of all the things that are good and worthy
ego-ideal
When part of you stays in one of the psychosexual development stages
fixation
Psychosexual development stage that happens at 0-18 months; errogenous zone is the mouth; conflict is weaning; if you are fixated you still chew on things, are gullible, or have sarcasm
Oral stage
Psychosexual development stage that happens at 18 months - three years; errogenous zone is anus; conflict is potty training; if you are fixated you are obsessed with orerliness and tidiness or messy and disorganized
Anal stage
fixation obsessed with orderliness and tidiness
anal retentive
fixation where you’re messy and disorganized
anal expulsive
Pyschosexual development stage that happens at 3 -5 years; errogenous zone is the genitals; boy conflicts are oedipus complex and castration anxiety; girl conflicts are electra complex and penis envy; fixation is problems with sexuality and sex
Phallic stage
conflict in the phallic stage where boys are competing with their fathers for possession of his mother
oedipus complex
conflict in the phallic stage where boys are afraid that their dad will cut their genitals off
castration anxiety
conflict in the genital stage where girls realize they don’t have a penis
electra complex
Period within psychosexual development that happens between age 6 to teenage years where ego and superego emerge, sexuality is not expressed, and there is no new conflict
Latency Period
Stage of psychosexual development that occurs from adolescence to adulthood; few completely achieve this; ability to gratify own needs while achieving mutual gratification with partner; need complete libido control; no fixations
Genital Stage
defense mechanism in which ego helps us find a safer target and take our anger out on something else
displacement
defense mechanism in which ego tries to forget memories that may cause anxiety
repression
defense mechanism in which ego lets you return to a safer time in life
regression
defense mechanism in which ego turns an unwanted thought into its logical opposite
reaction formation
Approach that says traits are simply collection of learned behaviors; behaviors are reinforced/punished
behaviorism
Person who believes in radical behaviorism; free will doesn’t exist; deterministic
Skinner
Always a reason for the behaviors you do
deterministic
approach believed by Rogers and Maslow; people are born inherently good and adaptive
Humanism
love
positive regard
experience love and support, but it seems to have strings attached
conditional positive regard
we love you no matter what
unconditional positive regard
Personality approach that measures and describes people’s personality; mathematical and statistical
Trait Theories
An anxiety disorder characterized by having sudden and repeated attacks of intense fear; feeling of being out of control during a panic attack; worry about when next one will happen
Panic disorder
fear of unfamiliar places
agoraphobia
Anxiety disorder characterized by restlessness, wound-up, or on edge; fatigue; difficulty concentrating; irritable; sleep problems; “free floating”
Generalized anxiety disorder
Anxiety disorder characterized by having obsessions and compulsions
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Anxiety provoking thought
Obsession
Behavior caused by anxiety provoking thought
compulsion
Anxiety disorder characterized by an irrational fear of a specific object; one of the most common disorders
phobia
anxiety disorder characterized by flashbacks to a certain event; feeling tense or on edge; distorted feelings like guilt or blame
post traumatic stress disorder
affective disorder characterized by persistsent sad or “empty” mood, hoplessness or pessimism; irritability; guilt; loss of interest or pleasure in hobbies and activities; decreased energy or fatique
major depression
reactive
caused by event
endogeneous
no cause/idea
affective mood disorder that cycles between depression and mania
bipolar depression
affective mood disorder in which people can’t think, may experience hallucinations, delusions, movement disorders, thought broadcasting, delusion, reduced pleasure, reduced speaking; positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms
schizophrenia
states that possible cause of schizophrenia is by inheritance couples with a stressful environment
diathesis-stress hypothesis
dissociative disorder that includes trying to get away from stressful event which leads to memory loss
fugue state
Type of therapy where you talk to someone
psychotherapy
type of therapy where you are prescribed meds
biomedical approach
exposure treatment; fear of snakes, hold snakes
implosion therapy
teach relaxation techniques; create a fear hierarchy
systematic desentitization
example: you bite your nails, so you put something on your nails that taste bad
Aversive conditioning
