Psyc exam 3 Flashcards
the study of the way we think about, feel about, and act towards other people
social psych
when other people affect how you behave, talk, think, etc. Vice versa
social influence
changing behavior to match that of others; normative social influence
Public conformity
study where a person would go along with the rest of the group’s answer even though it was obviously wrong
Asch’s study
changing behavior to match that of others; information social influence; you think other people know something that you don’t know; example: if cards ahead of you switch lanes, you also will
Private conformity
Study that looked at the autokinetic effect; light was shined on a wall and participants were asked how much it was moving.
Sherif’s study
When something looks like its moving but its not; optical illusion
autokinetic effect
preface real request with series of minor requests; goal is to get person to say yes early and often
compliance: foot-in-the-door
preface real request with a series fo large decreasing requests; norm of reciprocity; start with higher request then decrease
compliance: door-in-the-face
secure agreement to a request, then increase price or reveal hidden costs
compliance: lowball
The experiment where authority figures ordered participants to deliver what they believed were dangerous electrical shocks to another person
Milgram’s Obedience experiment
two thoughts that don’t go together
cognitive irrelevance
two thoughts that are related to each other
cognitive consonance
two inconsistent thought; this bothers us; they’re related and opposite.
Example: “I worked so hard to get in this group” and “ this group sucks”
cognitive dissonance
Working hard for something makes you appreciate it more
effort justification
The moment you pick on thing over the other, the other choice doesn’t seem as good.
post-decisional spread
assumptions about a group
stereotypes
judgement about the group
prejudice
biased behavior toward group in groups vs. out groups
discrimination
we like people in our group
ingroup favoritism
our group: everyone is different
other groups: they’re all alike
out group homogeneity
stereotype, prejudice, discrimination, ingroup favoritism, outgroup homogeneity
intergroup attitudes and behaviors
conscious prejudice
explicit
unconscious or automatic prejudice; show their prejudice without saying words
implicit
Awareness of your stereotype or “status” can hinder performance; example: being a woman in a class of all men can hinder performance; known as “snake in the house” effect
stereotype threat
Being more likely to help others if they are closely related to you
kinship selection
more likely to help someone if they help you
reciprocal altruism
The more you experience empathy, the more you will help them
empathy altruism
the more people that are around, the less likely we will do something to help
bystander effect
the reason behind why people do things
attributions
infant stops responding to “old” stimulus
habituation
increase responding to altered stimulus
dishabituation
Study different age groups
cross-sectional
one group studied overtime
longitudinal
people dropping out of the study
attrition
categories
schemas
deciding something is similar to a category
assimilation
coming up with a new category
accomodation
Piaget stage: birth to 2 years; baby develops sensory experiences and motor reflexes; lack of object permanence
sensorimotor stage
Piaget stage: 2-7 years; symbolic thought; increase in vocabulary and language; pretend play; does not have conservation of objects; animism; egocentrism
preoperational stage
Piaget stage: 7-11 years; can think logically about concrete things; has conservation of mass; can make cognitive maps
concrete operations
Piaget stage; 11-15 years; abstract and logical thinking (algebra); Piaget thought people just developed biologically, but not necessarily true because some people never reach this stage.
Formal operations
