PSY286 WK 5 and 6 Flashcards
SPAM (acronym)
Sensation - Detected by sensory receptors
Perception - Integration of sensory information
Attention - Focussing perception and cognition of the target.
Memory - The ability to store and use information for later.
Sensory register:
The first memory store in information processing, in which stimuli are noticed and are briefly available for further processing.
Short-term memory The memory store in which limited amounts of information are temporarily held.
Phonological loop:
Briefly holds auditory information such as words or music
Episodic buffer
Links auditory and visual information
Visual–spatial scratchpad:
Holds visual information such as colours and shapes
Consolidation
The processing and organising of information in the information-processing system into a form suitable for long-term storage.
Cross-modal perception
The ability to use one sensory modality to identify a stimulus or a pattern of stimuli already familiar through another modality. Think a blind person creating a visual representation though touch.
Adaption, accommodation, assimilation.
Adaptation is the process of adjusting to the demands of environment. It occurs through two complementary processes, assimilation and accommodation.
Accommodation is the process of modifying existing schemata to better fit new experiences. Perhaps you will need to invent a new name for this animal or ask what it is, and revise your concept of four-legged animals accordingly.
Assimilation, the process by which we interpret new experiences in terms of existing schemata or cognitive structures. Therefore, if you already have a schema that mentally represents your knowledge of four-legged animals as dogs, you may label this new beast ‘doggie’.
Acuity
Objects that are further than 20 cm away are hard to make out. Infants will not have optimal vision until about 8 months old.
Visual Accommodation Infants
Infant’s have limits in the ability to change the shape of the lens which also prevents the ability to focus on objects in the distance.
Colour vision infants
Colour receptors do not mature until 2 - 3 months of age so some colour not discernible.
Pattern and face recognition
Patterns Infants pay a lot of attention to patterns that have sharp boundaries between light and dark areas.
Faces Infants also have an innate ability to recognise faces, including images that look like faces.
Depth perception
Look at visual cliff experiment. Had to relearn that you can fall of a height when they started to walk if they learnt about it when they were crawling
Divergent vs convergent thinking
Convergent thinking measured by IQ score - Divergent is the process of creativity.
Flynn Effect
Rise in average IQ scores over the 20th century, 2.4 points per decade.
