PSY251 Neurotransmitters Flashcards
Acetylcholine
A neurotransmitter used by the spinal cord neurons to control muscles and by many neurons in the brain to regulate memory.
In most instances, acetylcholine is excitatory.
A neurotransmitter used by the spinal cord neurons to control muscles and by many neurons in the brain to regulate memory.
In most instances is excitatory.
Acetylcholine
Dopamine
The neurotransmitter that produces feelings of pleasure when released by the brain reward system.
Dopamine has multiple functions depending on where in the brain it acts.
It is usually inhibitory.
The neurotransmitter that produces feelings of pleasure when released by the brain reward system.
Multiple functions depending on where in the brain it acts.
It is usually inhibitory.
Dopamine
GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)
The major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain.
The major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain.
GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)
Glutamate
The most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain.
The most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain.
Glutamate
Glycine
A neurotransmitter used mainly by neurons in the spinal cord.
It probably always acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter.
A neurotransmitter used mainly by neurons in the spinal cord.
It probably always acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter.
Glycine
Norepinephrine
In the peripheral nervous system, it is part of the flight-or-flight response.
In the brain, it acts as a neurotransmitter regulating normal brain processes.
Usually excitatory, but is inhibitory in a few brain areas.
In the peripheral nervous system, it is part of the flight-or-flight response.
In the brain, it acts as a neurotransmitter regulating normal brain processes.
Usually excitatory, but is inhibitory in a few brain areas.
Norepinephrine
Serotonin
A neurotransmitter involved in many functions including mood, appetite, and sensory perception.
In the spinal cord, serotonin is inhibitory in pain pathways.
A neurotransmitter involved in many functions including mood, appetite, and sensory perception.
In the spinal cord, is inhibitory in pain pathways.
Serotonin
Ependymal cell
Small ovoid; secretes cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Small ovoid; secretes cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Ependymal cell
Astrocyte
Star shaped; contributes to neuronal nutrition, scaffold support, and repair; contributes to forming blood—brain barrier and to healing scarring after injury.
Star shaped; contributes to neuronal nutrition, scaffold support, and repair; contributes to forming blood—brain barrier and to healing scarring after injury.
Astrocyte
Microglial cell
Make up 20% of all glial cells.
Because immune cells cannot enter the brain because of the blood brain barrier, there needs to be another catalyst for getting rid of foreign matter, which is the microglia.
Make up 20% of all glial cells.
Because immune cells cannot enter the brain because of the blood brain barrier, there needs to be another catalyst for getting rid of foreign matter.
Microglial cell
Oligodendroglial
Forms myelin around CNS axons in brain and spinal cord
Forms myelin around CNS axons in brain and spinal cord
Oligodendroglial
Schwann cell
Wraps around nerves to form myelin in the periphial nervous system.
Wraps around nerves to form myelin in the peripheral nervous system
Schwann cell
