PSY251 Neurotransmitters

Question 1

Acetylcholine

Answer 1

A neurotransmitter used by the spinal cord neurons to control muscles and by many neurons in the brain to regulate memory.

In most instances, acetylcholine is excitatory.

Question 2

A neurotransmitter used by the spinal cord neurons to control muscles and by many neurons in the brain to regulate memory.

In most instances is excitatory.

Answer 2

Acetylcholine

Question 3

Dopamine

Answer 3

The neurotransmitter that produces feelings of pleasure when released by the brain reward system.

Dopamine has multiple functions depending on where in the brain it acts.

It is usually inhibitory.

Question 4

The neurotransmitter that produces feelings of pleasure when released by the brain reward system.

Multiple functions depending on where in the brain it acts.

It is usually inhibitory.

Answer 4

Dopamine

Question 5

GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)

Answer 5

The major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain.

Question 6

The major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain.

Answer 6

GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)

Question 7

Glutamate

Answer 7

The most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain.

Question 8

The most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain.

Answer 8

Glutamate

Question 9

Glycine

Answer 9

A neurotransmitter used mainly by neurons in the spinal cord.

It probably always acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter.

Question 10

A neurotransmitter used mainly by neurons in the spinal cord.

It probably always acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter.

Answer 10

Glycine

Question 11

Norepinephrine

Answer 11

In the peripheral nervous system, it is part of the flight-or-flight response.

In the brain, it acts as a neurotransmitter regulating normal brain processes.

Usually excitatory, but is inhibitory in a few brain areas.

Question 12

In the peripheral nervous system, it is part of the flight-or-flight response.

In the brain, it acts as a neurotransmitter regulating normal brain processes.

Usually excitatory, but is inhibitory in a few brain areas.

Answer 12

Norepinephrine

Question 13

Serotonin

Answer 13

A neurotransmitter involved in many functions including mood, appetite, and sensory perception.

In the spinal cord, serotonin is inhibitory in pain pathways.

Question 14

A neurotransmitter involved in many functions including mood, appetite, and sensory perception.

In the spinal cord, is inhibitory in pain pathways.

Answer 14

Serotonin

Question 15

Ependymal cell

Answer 15

Small ovoid; secretes cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Question 16

Small ovoid; secretes cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Answer 16

Ependymal cell

Question 17

Astrocyte

Answer 17

Star shaped; contributes to neuronal nutrition, scaffold support, and repair; contributes to forming blood—brain barrier and to healing scarring after injury.

Question 18

Star shaped; contributes to neuronal nutrition, scaffold support, and repair; contributes to forming blood—brain barrier and to healing scarring after injury.

Answer 18

Astrocyte

Question 19

Microglial cell

Answer 19

Make up 20% of all glial cells.
Because immune cells cannot enter the brain because of the blood brain barrier, there needs to be another catalyst for getting rid of foreign matter, which is the microglia.

Question 20

Make up 20% of all glial cells.
Because immune cells cannot enter the brain because of the blood brain barrier, there needs to be another catalyst for getting rid of foreign matter.

Answer 20

Microglial cell

Question 21

Oligodendroglial

Answer 21

Forms myelin around CNS axons in brain and spinal cord

Question 22

Forms myelin around CNS axons in brain and spinal cord

Answer 22

Oligodendroglial

Question 23

Schwann cell

Answer 23

Wraps around nerves to form myelin in the periphial nervous system.

Question 24

Wraps around nerves to form myelin in the peripheral nervous system

Answer 24

Schwann cell