PSY101 L11 Key Terms Ch 13 Flashcards
In psychoanalytic theory, the selective, involuntary pushing of threatening or upsetting information into the unconscious.
Repression
A statistical estimation of the proportion of the total variance in some trait that is attributable to genetic differences among individuals within a group.
Heritability
In psychoanalysis, a conflict occurring in the phallic (Oedipal) stage, in which a child desires the parent of the other sex and views the same-sex parent as a rival.
Oedipus complex
Universal, symbolic images that appear in myths, art, stories, and dreams; to Jungians, they reflect the collective unconscious.
Archetypes [AR-ki-tipes]
Oral, Phallic, Latency, Genital
Psychosexual stages
A program of shared rules that govern the behavior of people in a community or society, and a set of values, beliefs, and customs shared by most members of the community.
Culture
In psychoanalysis, the psychic energy that fuels the life or sexual instincts of the id.
Libido [li-BEE-do]
A distinctive and relatively stable pattern of behavior, thoughts, motives, and emotions that characterizes an individual.
Personality
When a person reverts to a previous phase of psychological development.
Regression
A characteristic of an individual, describing a habitual way of behaving, thinking, or feeling.
Trait
Theories that explain behavior and personality in terms of unconscious energy dynamics within the individual.
Psychodynamic theories
An Austrian neurologist known for his method of psychotherapy- psychoanalysis; publication of The Interpretation of Dreams; and his theory of personality which is composed of three elements: id, ego and superego.
Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)
An American humanistic psychologist, developed the hierarchy of needs.
Abraham Maslow (1908 - 1970
One who strives for a life that is meaningful, challenging, and satisfying.
Self-actualization
In individualist cultures the independence of the individual often takes precedence over the needs of the group. (Primarily European cultures); collectivist cultures group harmony often takes precedence over the needs of the individual. (Primarily Eastern cultures)
Individualist versus collectivist cultures
In psychoanalysis, the part of personality containing inherited psychic energy, particularly sexual and aggressive instincts.
Id
A humanistic psychologist who brought to American psychology elements of European existentialism, which emphasizes the inevitable dilemmas and challenges of human existence.
Rollo May
Repressing one’s own unacceptable or threatening feelings and attributing them to someone else.
Projection
An American humanistic psychologist, developed the theory of unconditional positive regard.
Carl Rogers
To Carl Rogers, love or support given to another person with no conditions attached.
Unconditional positive regard
Refusal to admit something unpleasant is happening.
Denial
Extroversion vs introversion; neuroticism vs emotional stability; agreeableness vs antagonism; conscientiousness vs impulsiveness; openness to experience vs resistance to new experience.
The “Big Five” personality traits
The story people develop over time to explain themselves and make meaning of everything that has happened to them.
Life narratives
Methods used by the ego to prevent unconscious anxiety or threatening thoughts from entering consciousness.
Defense mechanisms
