PSY1003 WEEK 1 LO: understand properties of glial cells Flashcards

1
Q

what 2 words can briefly describe neuroglia

A

nerve glue

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2
Q

what did Virchow (1859) originally think neuroglia did

A

inactive connective tissue holding CNS neurons together

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3
Q

what are the types of glia in PNS

A

schwann cells

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4
Q

what are the types of glia in CNS

A

microglia, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes

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5
Q

describe schwann cells

A

has one myelin segment, guide axonal regeneration post damage, which is why effective axonal regeneration is only present in PNS

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6
Q

describe structure of microglia

A

small rod shaped soma, many extending symmetrical processes

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7
Q

describe function of microglia

A

search for infection, phagocytosis, BBB

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8
Q

what are new findings in research for microglia

A

(Wake et al, 2012) playing role in regulation of cell death

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9
Q

what is function and structure of oligodendrocyte

A

form myelin with breaks (NoR), insulating, speeding up AP, single ODC plasma sheet membrane can wrap around 40-50 axons

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10
Q

describe structure of astrocytes

A

large, star shape, take up 20-50% of brain area volume, connect via gap junctions. communicate electrically, fence in neurons, cuffing around NoR, ensheathe synapse and dendrite, project processes to cell soma

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11
Q

describe function of astrocytes

A

form BBB, neurotransmitter uptake, neurovascular coupling to change supplying flood to accomodate active neuron (moving nutrients)

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12
Q

what are new research into astroglia

A

control establishment and maintenance of neuron synapses (Jourdain, 2007)
controlling BBB (Alvarez, Katayama & Prat, 2013)
respond to brain injuries (Khakh & Sofroniew, 2015)

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