PSY1003 WEEK 1 LO: understand properties of neurons

Question 1

what does somatic nervous system do including roles of afferent and efferent nerves

Answer 1

interact with external environment, composed of afferent nerves to carry sensory signals to CNS and efferent nerves to carry motor signals from CNS to skeletal muscles

Question 2

what is role of autonomic nervous system including role of afferent and efferent nerves

Answer 2

regulate internal environment, composed of afferent nerves to carry sensory signals from internal organs to CNS and efferent nerves to carry motor signals from CNS to internal organs

Question 3

what do afferent and efferent nerves do in brain in general

Answer 3

afferent = towards CNS
efferent = away from CNS

Question 4

what is function of cranial nerve

Answer 4

basis of diagnosis, as function is specific to location so disruption shows location of issue

Question 5

where is cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 5

produced in choroid plexus, fills subarachnoid space (central canal of spinal cord and cerebral brain ventricle)

Question 6

role of cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 6

support and cushion brain

Question 7

what is hydrocephalus

Answer 7

caused by blockage of narrow channels linking ventricles of cerebrospinal fluid, cause brain expansion by water intake

Question 8

what is grey matter of the spinal cord

Answer 8

cell bodies and unmyelinated interneurons

Question 9

what is white matter of the spinal cord

Answer 9

myelinated axons

Question 10

what are dorsal/ventral horns

Answer 10

2 dorsal/ventral arms of spinal grey matter

Question 11

what are dorsal root axons

Answer 11

sensory unipolar neurons with cell bodies grouped together outside cord to form dorsal root ganglia. many of their synaptic terminals located in dorsal horns

Question 12

what are ventral root horns

Answer 12

motor multipolar neurons with cell bodies in ventral horns

Question 13

state 3 meninges

Answer 13

protective membrane
outer meninx, arachnoid membrane, innermost meninx

Question 14

what is outer meninx

Answer 14

tough membrane, dura mater

Question 15

where is arachnoid membrane located

Answer 15

immediately inside dura mater

Question 16

where is subarachnoid space

Answer 16

beneath arachnoid membrane, contains large blood vessels and cerebrospinal fluid

Question 17

where is innermost meninx located

Answer 17

pia mater, adheres to surface of CNS

Question 18

what are 3 types of cell body shape neuron classifications

Answer 18

ovoid, fusiform, triangular

Question 19

what are 3 types of neuron classification according to process number

Answer 19

unipolar, bipolar, multipolar

Question 20

what are 2 types of neuron classification according to axon length

Answer 20

golgi type 1 neuron (long axon, large), golgi type 2 neuron (short axon)

Question 21

what are interneurons

Answer 21

integrate neural activity in brain structure, not conducting signals between 2 neurons, stay within structure in which cell body is located

Question 22

what are projection neurons

Answer 22

axons leave structure where cell body is located, go elsewhere in nervous sytemq

Question 23

describe axons

Answer 23

arise from conical shaped axon hillock, role of output, excitable membrane for generating and receiving AP

Question 24

describe dendrites

Answer 24

thick and short, highly branched, give rise to dendritic arbour (spines) projecting outwards, receive most of excitatory input, contain filaments actin and a/b tubulin to allow spine to move

Question 25

what are clusters of cell bodies known as in CNS

Answer 25

nuclei

Question 26

what are clusters of cell bodies known as in PNS

Answer 26

ganglia