PSY final exam review

Question 1

What is abnormality?

Answer 1

Away from the usual and typical.

Question 2

List the criteria of abnormality?

Answer 2

1. Distress (It hurts)
2. Impairment (reduction in function)
3. Risk to self/others (Suicidal or homicidal)
4. Socially/ Culturally Inappropriate (does not fit in)

Question 3

What are the theories of abnormality?

Answer 3

1. Medical
2. Psychodynamic
3. Behavioral
4. Cognitive
5. Sociocultural
6. Biopsychosocial

Question 4

What is DSM-5?

Answer 4

Diagnostic and statistical manual

Question 5

List the different types of anxiety disorders?

Answer 5

A) Specific Phobias
B) Social Anxiety Disorder
C) Generalized Anxiety Disorder
D) Panic Disorder
E) Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
F) PTSD

Question 6

List various specific phobias

Answer 6

Acrophobia= Fear of high or elevated places
Claustrophobia= Fear of tight, small places
Mysophobia= Fear of germs or contamination
Nyctophobia= Fear of the darkness
Ochlophobia= Fear of crowds
Zoophobia= Fear of animals or a specific animal
Hydrophobia= Fear of water

Question 7

How long must symptoms last in social anxiety disorder?

Answer 7

Symptoms must persist for at least 6 months

Question 8

What is the most common social phobia?

Answer 8

The fear of Public Speaking

Question 9

How long must symptoms last in Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?

Answer 9

Symptoms must last at least 6 months

Question 10

Out of all the anxiety disorders listed, which is the most common of all the anxiety disorder?

Answer 10

GAD (Constant worry and excessive preoccupation.

Question 11

What are the symptoms of panic attack?

Answer 11

• shortness of breath
• hyperventilation
• fear of dying or of going crazy
• tachycardia
• loss of muscle tone

Question 12

How long does a person feel concerned of having another attack?

Answer 12

At least 1 month

Question 13

What other disorder is commonly diagnosed with panic disorder?

Answer 13

Agoraphobia

Question 14

What is obsession?

Answer 14

A recurrent, intrusive and disturbing thought or image that creates significant distress and anxiety

Question 15

What is compulsion?

Answer 15

An irresistible urge to repeat an act or to engage in ritualistic behavior

Question 16

What is the goal of a compulsion?

Answer 16

To prevent a terrible tragedy or situation from occuring

Question 17

What is the aim of a compulsion?

Answer 17

To relieve the anxiety associated with the obsession

Question 18

How much time is taken up daily by the symptoms of OCD?

Answer 18

Obs/comp must consume more than 1 hour/day

Question 19

When do symptoms of OCD tend to appear?

Answer 19

During adolescence or early adulthood.

Question 20

True or False?

OCD appear equally among men and women

Answer 20

True

Question 21

What is the average age of onset for OCD?

Answer 21

19

Question 22

What is the risk factor for developing OCD later in life?

Answer 22

Physical/ Sexual abuse

Question 23

What are the symptoms of PTSD?

Answer 23

• Nightmares or uncomfortable recollections of the traumatic event
• Flashbacks
• social withdrawal
• avoidance of reminders associated with the traumatic event
• Difficulty concentrating

Question 24

What is a flashback?

Answer 24

Reliving a traumatic experience

Question 25

What is the difference between mood and affect?

Answer 25

``` Mood= the internal emotional state of a person Affect= The external expression of emotion ```

Question 26

What is the most common of all the psychological disorders?

Answer 26

Major depression is the most common of all the psychological disorders

Question 27

Out of 100 people, how many men and women will develop a major depressive disorder at some point in their life?

Answer 27

13 men and 21 women

Question 28

Who gets diagnosed more often with major depression ?

Answer 28

At a ratio 2:1 Women

Question 29

What is the lifetime prevalence of MDD in the US?

Answer 29

16.6%

Question 30

How more likely are women than men of experiencing a MDD at some point on their life?

Answer 30

Women are 70% more likely than men to experience MDD

Question 31

What is the average age of onset for Major Depression?

Answer 31

32 Years old

Question 32

What are the symptoms of major depression?

Answer 32

- Lack of energy - Excessive sleep (hypersomnia) - Loss of pleasure (anhedonia) - Extreme sadness - Excessive guilt - Loss of appetite - Weight Loss

Question 33

What is anhedonia?

Answer 33

Loss of pleasure

Question 34

How long must the symptoms of major depression persist for a diagnosis?

Answer 34

For at least 2 weeks

Question 35

What characterizes dysthymia?

Answer 35

Less severe form of MDD

Question 36

How long must the symptoms persist for a diagnosis in adults? In children? for dysthymia

Answer 36

2 years for adults; 1 for children