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Intro to Psychology 2012 > PSY final exam review > Flashcards

PSY final exam review Flashcards

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1
Q

What is abnormality?

A

Away from the usual and typical.

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2
Q

List the criteria of abnormality?

A
  1. Distress (It hurts)
  2. Impairment (reduction in function)
  3. Risk to self/others (Suicidal or homicidal)
  4. Socially/ Culturally Inappropriate (does not fit in)
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3
Q

What are the theories of abnormality?

A
  1. Medical
  2. Psychodynamic
  3. Behavioral
  4. Cognitive
  5. Sociocultural
  6. Biopsychosocial
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4
Q

What is DSM-5?

A

Diagnostic and statistical manual

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5
Q

List the different types of anxiety disorders?

A 
A) Specific Phobias
B) Social Anxiety Disorder
C) Generalized Anxiety Disorder
D) Panic Disorder
E) Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
F) PTSD
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6
Q

List various specific phobias

A 
Acrophobia= Fear of high or elevated places
Claustrophobia= Fear of tight, small places
Mysophobia= Fear of germs or contamination
Nyctophobia= Fear of the darkness
Ochlophobia= Fear of crowds
Zoophobia= Fear of animals or a specific animal
Hydrophobia= Fear of water
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7
Q

How long must symptoms last in social anxiety disorder?

A

Symptoms must persist for at least 6 months

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8
Q

What is the most common social phobia?

A

The fear of Public Speaking

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9
Q

How long must symptoms last in Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?

A

Symptoms must last at least 6 months

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10
Q

Out of all the anxiety disorders listed, which is the most common of all the anxiety disorder?

A

GAD (Constant worry and excessive preoccupation.

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11
Q

What are the symptoms of panic attack?

A
  • shortness of breath
  • hyperventilation
  • fear of dying or of going crazy
  • tachycardia
  • loss of muscle tone
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12
Q

How long does a person feel concerned of having another attack?

A

At least 1 month

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13
Q

What other disorder is commonly diagnosed with panic disorder?

A

Agoraphobia

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14
Q

What is obsession?

A

A recurrent, intrusive and disturbing thought or image that creates significant distress and anxiety

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15
Q

What is compulsion?

A

An irresistible urge to repeat an act or to engage in ritualistic behavior

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16
Q

What is the goal of a compulsion?

A

To prevent a terrible tragedy or situation from occuring

17
Q

What is the aim of a compulsion?

A

To relieve the anxiety associated with the obsession

18
Q

How much time is taken up daily by the symptoms of OCD?

A

Obs/comp must consume more than 1 hour/day

19
Q

When do symptoms of OCD tend to appear?

A

During adolescence or early adulthood.

20
Q

True or False?

OCD appear equally among men and women

A

True

21
Q

What is the average age of onset for OCD?

A

19

22
Q

What is the risk factor for developing OCD later in life?

A

Physical/ Sexual abuse

23
Q

What are the symptoms of PTSD?

A
  • Nightmares or uncomfortable recollections of the traumatic event
  • Flashbacks
  • social withdrawal
  • avoidance of reminders associated with the traumatic event
  • Difficulty concentrating
24
Q

What is a flashback?

A

Reliving a traumatic experience

25
Q

What is the difference between mood and affect?

A 
Mood= the internal emotional state of a person
Affect= The external expression of emotion
26
Q

What is the most common of all the psychological disorders?

A

Major depression is the most common of all the psychological disorders

27
Q

Out of 100 people, how many men and women will develop a major depressive disorder at some point in their life?

A

13 men and 21 women

28
Q

Who gets diagnosed more often with major depression ?

A

At a ratio 2:1 Women

29
Q

What is the lifetime prevalence of MDD in the US?

A

16.6%

30
Q

How more likely are women than men of experiencing a MDD at some point on their life?

A

Women are 70% more likely than men to experience MDD

31
Q

What is the average age of onset for Major Depression?

A

32 Years old

32
Q

What are the symptoms of major depression?

A
  • Lack of energy
  • Excessive sleep (hypersomnia)
  • Loss of pleasure (anhedonia)
  • Extreme sadness
  • Excessive guilt
  • Loss of appetite
  • Weight Loss
33
Q

What is anhedonia?

A

Loss of pleasure

34
Q

How long must the symptoms of major depression persist for a diagnosis?

A

For at least 2 weeks

35
Q

What characterizes dysthymia?

A

Less severe form of MDD

36
Q

How long must the symptoms persist for a diagnosis in adults? In children? for dysthymia

A

2 years for adults; 1 for children

Intro to Psychology 2012 (5 decks)

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