Intro to Psychology (ch.1) Flashcards

1
Q

What is Psychology?

A

The science that studies the behavior and mental processes of human beings.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Behavior?

A

The observable actions of individuals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Cognitive?

A

Mental processes. It is the process of acquiring and organizing information and
knowledge,( thinking, memory, reasoning, etc.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Affective?

A

The experience and expression of emotion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name the ABCs of Human Beings.

A

A = Affective; Our feelings
B = Behavior; Our actions
C = Cognitions; Our thoughts, ideas, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What was the year the first psychological laboratory was built in Germany

A

Founded the first psychological laboratory in 1879.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What was the year the first psychological laboratory was built in the US?

A

The first American laboratory was founded in 1883

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Who is William James?

A
  • First American born psychologist
  • Founded Functionalism: Theory of mental life and behavior that is concerned with how an organism uses its perceptual abilities to function in the environment.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Who is Sigmund Freud?

A

Founded the Psychodynamic perspective

  • Psychodynamic theory focuses on early childhood experiences and the unconscious.
  • Freud is considered the father of personality psychology.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Who is John B. Watson?

A
  • He disagreed with both Wundt and James.
  • He stated that if psychology was to be a science then it should only concern itself with observable, measurable behavior.
  • (Founded Behaviorism: School of psychology that studies only observable, measurable behavior.)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Who were Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow ?

A

View individuals as having the capacity for self direction and self actualization.

  • Focus on non verbal experience (feelings) and the state of mind/consciousness
  • Humanistic Psychology: Focuses on the uniqueness of each individual.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Who is Edward B. Tichener?

A
  • student of Wundt
  • popularized Wundt’s structuralism in the US.
  • leader of American psychology soon after being appointed professor at Cornell University.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Who is Sigmund Freud?

A

Founded the Psychodynamic perspective

  • Psychodynamic theory focuses on early childhood experiences and the unconscious.
  • Freud is considered the father of personality psychology.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Who is John B. Watson?

A
  • He disagreed with both Wundt and James.
  • He stated that if psychology was to be a science then it should only concern itself with observable, measurable behavior.
  • (Founded Behaviorism: School of psychology that studies only observable, measurable behavior.)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Who were Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow

A

View individuals as having the capacity for self direction and self actualization.

  • Focus on non verbal experience (feelings), the unity of mind and altered states of consciousness.
  • Humanistic Psychology: Focuses on the uniqueness of each individual.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Who is Ulric Neisser?

A

-“father of Cognitive Psychology”
His book, Cognitive Psychology, brought together research concerning perception, pattern recognition, attention, problem solving and remembering

17
Q

Who were Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck?

A
  • Albert Ellis established Rational Emotive Therapy
  • Beck developed a specific therapy for depression
    • Both contributed significantly to the Cognitive perspective in psychology.
18
Q

Who is Max Wertheimer?

A
  • Founded Gestalt( whole or form) psychology

- -studies how people perceive and experience objects as whole patterns

19
Q

Who is Margaret Floy Washburn?

A

-First woman to receive a doctorate in psychology. She studied at Cornell Univ. under E.B. Tichener

20
Q

Who is G. Stanley Hall ?

A
    • Father of Adolescence/ First president of the American Psychological Association (APA).
  • Established the first American psychological laboratory in the United States in 1883 at Johns Hopkins University
21
Q

Who founded Structuralism?

A

Wilhem Wundt

22
Q

Who founded Functionalism?

A

William James

23
Q

Who founded Psychodynamic?

A

Sigmund Freud

24
Q

Who founded Behaviorism?

A

John B. Watson

25
Who(m) founded Humanistic Psychology
Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow
26
Who founded Cognitive Psychology?
Ulric Neisser
27
Who founded Gestalt Psychology?
Max Wertheimer
28
What is Clinical Psychology?
-deals with the diagnosis and treatment of emotional and behavioral problems.
29
What is Developmental psychology?
-studies how people change physically, cognitively, and socially over the entire lifespan
30
What is Experimental psychology?
-Studies all basic psychological processes including perception, learning and motivation
31
What is Forensic psychology?
Focuses on legal issues such as competency and rehabilitation & prisons....
32
What is Physiological psychology?
-Studies how various organ systems affect behavior
33
What is Industrial/Organizational psychology?
-Studies the psychology of the work place.
34
What is Sports psychology?
-Applies psychological principles to athletic preparation and performance
35
Who is Wilhem Wundt?
Founded Structuralism.