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Intro to Psychology 2012 > Intro to Psychology (ch.1) > Flashcards

Intro to Psychology (ch.1) Flashcards

1
Q

What is Psychology?

A

The science that studies the behavior and mental processes of human beings.

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2
Q

What is Behavior?

A

The observable actions of individuals

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3
Q

What is Cognitive?

A

Mental processes. It is the process of acquiring and organizing information and
knowledge,( thinking, memory, reasoning, etc.)

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4
Q

What is Affective?

A

The experience and expression of emotion.

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5
Q

Name the ABCs of Human Beings.

A

A = Affective; Our feelings
B = Behavior; Our actions
C = Cognitions; Our thoughts, ideas, etc

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6
Q

What was the year the first psychological laboratory was built in Germany

A

Founded the first psychological laboratory in 1879.

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7
Q

What was the year the first psychological laboratory was built in the US?

A

The first American laboratory was founded in 1883

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8
Q

Who is William James?

A
  • First American born psychologist
  • Founded Functionalism: Theory of mental life and behavior that is concerned with how an organism uses its perceptual abilities to function in the environment.
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9
Q

Who is Sigmund Freud?

A

Founded the Psychodynamic perspective

  • Psychodynamic theory focuses on early childhood experiences and the unconscious.
  • Freud is considered the father of personality psychology.
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10
Q

Who is John B. Watson?

A
  • He disagreed with both Wundt and James.
  • He stated that if psychology was to be a science then it should only concern itself with observable, measurable behavior.
  • (Founded Behaviorism: School of psychology that studies only observable, measurable behavior.)
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11
Q

Who were Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow ?

A

View individuals as having the capacity for self direction and self actualization.

  • Focus on non verbal experience (feelings) and the state of mind/consciousness
  • Humanistic Psychology: Focuses on the uniqueness of each individual.
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12
Q

Who is Edward B. Tichener?

A
  • student of Wundt
  • popularized Wundt’s structuralism in the US.
  • leader of American psychology soon after being appointed professor at Cornell University.
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13
Q

Who is Sigmund Freud?

A

Founded the Psychodynamic perspective

  • Psychodynamic theory focuses on early childhood experiences and the unconscious.
  • Freud is considered the father of personality psychology.
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14
Q

Who is John B. Watson?

A
  • He disagreed with both Wundt and James.
  • He stated that if psychology was to be a science then it should only concern itself with observable, measurable behavior.
  • (Founded Behaviorism: School of psychology that studies only observable, measurable behavior.)
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15
Q

Who were Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow

A

View individuals as having the capacity for self direction and self actualization.

  • Focus on non verbal experience (feelings), the unity of mind and altered states of consciousness.
  • Humanistic Psychology: Focuses on the uniqueness of each individual.
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16
Q

Who is Ulric Neisser?

A

-“father of Cognitive Psychology”
His book, Cognitive Psychology, brought together research concerning perception, pattern recognition, attention, problem solving and remembering

17
Q

Who were Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck?

A
  • Albert Ellis established Rational Emotive Therapy
  • Beck developed a specific therapy for depression
    • Both contributed significantly to the Cognitive perspective in psychology.
18
Q

Who is Max Wertheimer?

A
  • Founded Gestalt( whole or form) psychology

- -studies how people perceive and experience objects as whole patterns

19
Q

Who is Margaret Floy Washburn?

A

-First woman to receive a doctorate in psychology. She studied at Cornell Univ. under E.B. Tichener

20
Q

Who is G. Stanley Hall ?

A
    • Father of Adolescence/ First president of the American Psychological Association (APA).
  • Established the first American psychological laboratory in the United States in 1883 at Johns Hopkins University
21
Q

Who founded Structuralism?

A

Wilhem Wundt

22
Q

Who founded Functionalism?

A

William James

23
Q

Who founded Psychodynamic?

A

Sigmund Freud

24
Q

Who founded Behaviorism?

A

John B. Watson

25
Q

Who(m) founded Humanistic Psychology

A

Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow

26
Q

Who founded Cognitive Psychology?

A

Ulric Neisser

27
Q

Who founded Gestalt Psychology?

A

Max Wertheimer

28
Q

What is Clinical Psychology?

A

-deals with the diagnosis and treatment of emotional and behavioral problems.

29
Q

What is Developmental psychology?

A

-studies how people change physically, cognitively, and socially over the entire lifespan

30
Q

What is Experimental psychology?

A

-Studies all basic psychological processes including perception, learning and motivation

31
Q

What is Forensic psychology?

A

Focuses on legal issues such as competency and rehabilitation & prisons….

32
Q

What is Physiological psychology?

A

-Studies how various organ systems affect behavior

33
Q

What is Industrial/Organizational psychology?

A

-Studies the psychology of the work place.

34
Q

What is Sports psychology?

A

-Applies psychological principles to athletic preparation and performance

35
Q

Who is Wilhem Wundt?

A

Founded Structuralism.

Intro to Psychology 2012 (5 decks)

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