Intro to Psychology (ch.1) Flashcards
What is Psychology?
The science that studies the behavior and mental processes of human beings.
What is Behavior?
The observable actions of individuals
What is Cognitive?
Mental processes. It is the process of acquiring and organizing information and
knowledge,( thinking, memory, reasoning, etc.)
What is Affective?
The experience and expression of emotion.
Name the ABCs of Human Beings.
A = Affective; Our feelings
B = Behavior; Our actions
C = Cognitions; Our thoughts, ideas, etc
What was the year the first psychological laboratory was built in Germany
Founded the first psychological laboratory in 1879.
What was the year the first psychological laboratory was built in the US?
The first American laboratory was founded in 1883
Who is William James?
- First American born psychologist
- Founded Functionalism: Theory of mental life and behavior that is concerned with how an organism uses its perceptual abilities to function in the environment.
Who is Sigmund Freud?
Founded the Psychodynamic perspective
- Psychodynamic theory focuses on early childhood experiences and the unconscious.
- Freud is considered the father of personality psychology.
Who is John B. Watson?
- He disagreed with both Wundt and James.
- He stated that if psychology was to be a science then it should only concern itself with observable, measurable behavior.
- (Founded Behaviorism: School of psychology that studies only observable, measurable behavior.)
Who were Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow ?
View individuals as having the capacity for self direction and self actualization.
- Focus on non verbal experience (feelings) and the state of mind/consciousness
- Humanistic Psychology: Focuses on the uniqueness of each individual.
Who is Edward B. Tichener?
- student of Wundt
- popularized Wundt’s structuralism in the US.
- leader of American psychology soon after being appointed professor at Cornell University.
Who is Sigmund Freud?
Founded the Psychodynamic perspective
- Psychodynamic theory focuses on early childhood experiences and the unconscious.
- Freud is considered the father of personality psychology.
Who is John B. Watson?
- He disagreed with both Wundt and James.
- He stated that if psychology was to be a science then it should only concern itself with observable, measurable behavior.
- (Founded Behaviorism: School of psychology that studies only observable, measurable behavior.)
Who were Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow
View individuals as having the capacity for self direction and self actualization.
- Focus on non verbal experience (feelings), the unity of mind and altered states of consciousness.
- Humanistic Psychology: Focuses on the uniqueness of each individual.
Who is Ulric Neisser?
-“father of Cognitive Psychology”
His book, Cognitive Psychology, brought together research concerning perception, pattern recognition, attention, problem solving and remembering
Who were Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck?
- Albert Ellis established Rational Emotive Therapy
- Beck developed a specific therapy for depression
- Both contributed significantly to the Cognitive perspective in psychology.
Who is Max Wertheimer?
- Founded Gestalt( whole or form) psychology
- -studies how people perceive and experience objects as whole patterns
Who is Margaret Floy Washburn?
-First woman to receive a doctorate in psychology. She studied at Cornell Univ. under E.B. Tichener
Who is G. Stanley Hall ?
- Father of Adolescence/ First president of the American Psychological Association (APA).
- Established the first American psychological laboratory in the United States in 1883 at Johns Hopkins University
Who founded Structuralism?
Wilhem Wundt
Who founded Functionalism?
William James
Who founded Psychodynamic?
Sigmund Freud
Who founded Behaviorism?
John B. Watson
Who(m) founded Humanistic Psychology
Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow
Who founded Cognitive Psychology?
Ulric Neisser
Who founded Gestalt Psychology?
Max Wertheimer
What is Clinical Psychology?
-deals with the diagnosis and treatment of emotional and behavioral problems.
What is Developmental psychology?
-studies how people change physically, cognitively, and socially over the entire lifespan
What is Experimental psychology?
-Studies all basic psychological processes including perception, learning and motivation
What is Forensic psychology?
Focuses on legal issues such as competency and rehabilitation & prisons….
What is Physiological psychology?
-Studies how various organ systems affect behavior
What is Industrial/Organizational psychology?
-Studies the psychology of the work place.
What is Sports psychology?
-Applies psychological principles to athletic preparation and performance
Who is Wilhem Wundt?
Founded Structuralism.
