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Bact Exam 2 > Pseudomonas > Flashcards

Pseudomonas Flashcards

1
Q

T/F: Pseudomonas can be found mainly in waters

A

True

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2
Q

How is P. aeruginosa able to cause secondary infection?

A

Facultative pathogenic

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3
Q

What are some general features of P. aeruginosa ?

A 
Facultative symbiotic 
Easy grower
Large colonies 
Typical candy sweet odor 
Blue-green pigmentation 
Oxidase positive 
Lactose Negative
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4
Q

What are the environmental origins of P. aeruginosa infections?

A

High natural resistance

Can adapt to humid hospital environments

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5
Q

What are the virulence factors of P. aeruginosa?

A 
Adhesion
LPS
Exotoxins
Biofilm
Capsule 
Iron acquisition
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6
Q

What kind of animals do P. aeruginosa affect?

A

Cold blood animals

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7
Q

Where are the predisposing factors of P. aeruginosa

A

High infection pressure
Humidity
Reduced immunity

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8
Q

What are the CS of P. aeruginosa in cats and dogs?

A 
Pyoderma 
Cystitis 
Otitis externa 
Purulent processes
Corneal ulcers
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9
Q

What are the CS of P. aeruginosa in hamster, guinea pig, chinchilla, mink?

A

Pneumonia
Septicaemiae
High mortality

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10
Q

What is the origin of P. aeruginosa in hamster, guinea pig, chinchilla, mink?

A

Mainly drinking water

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11
Q

What are the CS of P. aeruginosa in rabbit?

A

Skin infection = dermatitis

Pneumonia

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12
Q

What are the CS of P. aeruginosa in Horses?

A 
Metritis-vaginitis 
Keratitis conjunctivitis (secondary infection)
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13
Q

What are the CS of P. aeruginosa in bovine, sheep, and goat?

A

Mastitis
Fleece rot
Acute with high mortality
Persistence in udder, even after Tx

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14
Q

What are the CS of P. aeruginosa in reptiles?

A

Necrotic stomatitis
Pneumonia
Septicaemiae
Secondary to poor housing

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15
Q

What are the CS of P. aeruginosa in parrots and parakeets (psittaciformes)?

A 
Secondary infection mainly from drinking water 
Conjunctivitis 
Rhinitis 
Pneumonia 
Enteritis
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16
Q

What are the CS of P. aeruginosa in Galliformes?

A

In oviduct of turkeys
Contamination of eggs
Complication of viral infection

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17
Q

What is the number one way to Tx Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

A

Take away cause of infection

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18
Q

What are some characteristics of Burkholderia?

A

Gram negative
Aerobic
Rods
Catalase positive

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19
Q

What are two species of Burkholderia?

A

B. mallei

B. pseudomallei

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20
Q

What are the CS of B. mallei?

A 
Glanders via BSL3 agent 
Nodules and ulcers, pyogranulomatous 
Orchitis
Skin Respiratory tract 
Great variability in severity
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21
Q

B. mallei is a pathogen is primarily in what species?

A

Equine

22
Q

T/F: B. mallei is a reportable disease

A

True

23
Q

How is B. mallei transmitted?

A

Ingestion of feed and water
Inhalation
Wounds

24
Q

What are the acute symptoms of a B. mallei glanders infection?

A

Fever
Nasal discharge
Lymphadenitis
Frequently fatal

25
Q

What are the chronic symptoms a B. mallei glanders infection?

A

Should not see
Fever and respiratory problems
Skin abscesses

26
Q

T/F: B. mallei is zoonotic

A

True

27
Q

What is the pathogenesis of B. mallei?

A

Entry -> Spread via Lymph/blood -> Nodular lesions in lymph nodes, lung, liver, spleen

28
Q

What is the official test to Dx B. mallei?

A

Horses CFT, but can create sometimes false positives

29
Q

T/F: There are vaccinations available for B. mallei

A

False, no vaccine available

30
Q

What kind of infection does B. pseudomallei cause?

A

Melioidosis (pyogranulomatous infection)

31
Q

How is B. pseudomallei, Melioidosis transmitted?

A

Ingestion, wound infection, airborne, arthropod bites

32
Q

What are the virulence factors of B. pseudomallei, Melioidosis?

A

Adhesins-flagella
Capsule
T3SS and T4SS

33
Q

What are the CS of B. pseudomallei, Melioidosis infection in dogs?

A

Febrile diseases with localizing suppurative foci

Important in military dogs

34
Q

What are the CS of B. pseudomallei, Melioidosis infection in equine?

A

Mimics glanders = pseudoglanders

35
Q

What are the CS of B. pseudomallei, Melioidosis infection in Cattle?

A

Acute to chronic

Lungs, joints and uterus

36
Q

What are the CS of B. pseudomallei, Melioidosis infection in Sheep?

A

Arthritis and lymphadenitis

37
Q

What are the CS of B. pseudomallei, Melioidosis infection in goat?

A 
Loss of condition 
Respiratory and CNS disturbances 
Arthritis 
Mastitis 
Abortion and diarrhea
38
Q

T/F: Francisella tularensis is not a reportable disease

A

False, it is reportable and highly contagious (Zoonotic)

39
Q

What are some important characteristics of F. tularensis?

A

Gram negative
Obligate aerobic
Facultative intracellular
Very fastidious growth

40
Q

What are the reservoirs for F. tularensis?

A

Infected lagomorphs
Rodents
Amoeba

41
Q

How is F. tularensis transmitted?

A

Ticks, mosquito’s, flies
Contaminated waters
Ingestion of infected pray

42
Q

What are the subspecies of F. tularensis?

A

Mediasiatica
Holartica
Tularensis
(Novicida)

43
Q

What is the clinical presentation of F. tularensis?

A

Rare, CS rarely seen

Mainly liver, spleen, lungs affected

44
Q

How does Taylorella equigenitalis affect male and female horses?

A

Male:
No symptoms and no immunity

Female:
Contagious Equine Metritis (CEM)
Immunity

45
Q

What are the CS of CEM in females with T. equigenitalis?

A 
Acute suppurative 
Self limiting 
Temporary sterility 
Highly contagious 
Become asymptomatic carriers 
Immunity
46
Q

T/F: T. equigenitalis has environmental resistance

A

True, but it is poor; max 2 days in fridge

47
Q

What is the epidemiology T. equigenitalis?

A

Exclusively in equine genital tract
Control by regular sampling of breeding stallions
STD

48
Q

What is the pathogenesis of T. equigenitalis in mares?

A

Spontaneous healing
Temporary infertility
Few abortions
May cause infection of newborns

49
Q

Where do you sample in stallions for T. equigenitalis?

A

Preputium
Urethra
Fossa glandis and Sinus urethralis

50
Q

Where do you sample in mares for T. equigenitalis?

A

Fossa clitoridis

Sinus clitoridis

51
Q

How would T. equigenitalis be prevented?

A

Elimination of positive animals from breeding

Vaccination

52
Q

What is the Tx plan for T. equigenitalis?

A

Treat uterine infection with intrauterine and systemic application of antibiotics

Bact Exam 2 (4 decks)

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