PSC 165 exam 2

Question 1

five general principles

Answer 1

beneficence/nonmaleficence, fidelity and responsibility, integrity, justice, respect

Question 2

beneficence/nonmaleficence

Answer 2

do no harm

Question 3

fidelity and responsibility

Answer 3

uphold standards

Question 4

integrity

Answer 4

performing duty accurately, being trustworthy

Question 5

justice

Answer 5

treating everyone equally, esp. clients

Question 6

respect

Answer 6

respecting everybody’s race, religion, culture, etc.

Question 7

general principles vs ethical standards

Answer 7

ethical standards are legally enforceable, general principles are overarching ideals

Question 8

top three reasons for disciplinary action

Answer 8

unprofessional conduct, sexual misconduct, negligence

Question 9

under what circumstances will therapists have to mind HIPAA?

Answer 9

if they bill insurance companies or if they work in medical settings

Question 10

duty to warn

Answer 10

if client reveals intention to harm public, therapist has a duty to warn that person/group. mandatory in some, but not all states

Question 11

four elements of professional misconduct

Answer 11

professional relationship existed between the two, clinician was negligent and harmed client as a result

Question 12

five-step model of assessment

Answer 12

• receive referral question
• plan data collection
• collect data
• analyze and form conclusions
• communicate conclusions/form report

Question 13

four main data collection methods:

Answer 13

interviews, records, tests, and observations

Question 14

benefits of using multiple data collection methods?

Answer 14

more accuracy and understanding of therapy outcomes

Question 15

two basic questions asked before assessment?

Answer 15

what do i want to know and how do i find out?

Question 16

evolution of the DSM

Answer 16

I - uniform terminology, no diagnostic guides
II - more like WHO, same as above
III - had predetermined criteria to meet for diagnosis
IV - revised version of above
V - bipolar, depressive, and body dysmorphia has own chapters; OCD moved under anxiety

Question 17

criticisms of the DSM-V

Answer 17

• all-or-nothing diagnosis
• no description of behaviors in different contexts
• diagnostic labels don’t help us understand client experiences
• excludes many important conditions
• includes too many questionable conditions

Question 18

what kind of assessment has been offered as a DSM-V alternative?

Answer 18

descriptive assessment (differs by approach)

Question 19

benefits of descriptive assessment

Answer 19

more content for research, accounts for client strengths and adaptability, evaluates changes in behavior throughout therapy

Question 20

why is assessment becoming more a part of therapy?

Answer 20

evidence that discussing client progress with them helps them improve further (self-monitoring)

Question 21

bandwidth-fidelity dilemma

Answer 21

greater bandwidth leads to greater external validity, but less fidelity (accuracy)

Question 22

incremental validity

Answer 22

report’s ability to add relevant knowledge for client

Question 23

yalom and elva summary

Answer 23

therapist and client relationship (client robbed)

Question 24

gottlieb, wendell, and john summary

Answer 24

therapist going to therapy, the red herring

Question 25

three features of evidence-based practice?

Answer 25

clinical experience, client preferences, research

Question 26

efficacy vs effectiveness in therapy

Answer 26

efficacy in research context, effectiveness in clinical context

Question 27

statistically vs clinically significant

Answer 27

statistically improves symptoms, subjective experience of improvement

Question 28

what does attention-control conditions help with?

Answer 28

the nonspecific effects of therapy, aka placebo

Question 29

variations of RCT

Answer 29

leapfrog and SMART

Question 30

leapfrog design

Answer 30

discontinue poorly performing conditions to replace with better ones

Question 31

SMART design

Answer 31

those not responding to one condition are switched off during the study to another

Question 32

box score review

Answer 32

researchers make categorical decision about whether or not a therapy is effective

Question 33

intake interview purpose

Answer 33

establish presenting problem/diagnosis, referral if necessary

Question 34

true or false: letting clients know that the personnel doing their intake interview is different from their therapist decreases premature termination

Answer 34

false

Question 35

problem-referral interview

Answer 35

interviews conducted for a specific answer to a question or request

Question 36

orientation interview

Answer 36

interview meant to ease patient into mental health interview experience

Question 37

debriefing interview

Answer 37

interview after something that reveals information or answers questions client may have; necessary in research that uses deception

Question 38

crisis interview

Answer 38

interviews done in short amount of time in a crisis scenario

Question 39

client variance in structured interviews

Answer 39

clients giving multiple answers to the same question

Question 40

information variance in structured interviews

Answer 40

researchers asking questions differently

Question 41

criterion variance in structured interviews

Answer 41

disagreement on how to interpret the answers of clients

Question 42

stages of interview

Answer 42

frame-setting, middle, conclusion

Question 43

malingering

Answer 43

behaving in ways to purposefully be diagnosed

Question 44

threats to interview data

Answer 44

biases, malingering, lack of rapport, poorly phrased questions

Question 45

two types of reliability

Answer 45

test-retest and interrater

Question 46

types of validity

Answer 46

predictive, concurrent, content, discriminative, convergent

Question 47

benefits/uses of observational assessment

Answer 47

supplements self report, supples context, ecologically valid