Prueba 3 Flashcards
present prefect endings (present indicative haber)
he, has, ha, hemos, habeis, han
how to form present perfect
present indicative of haber + past participle; he estado ahi antes; i have been there before
-ar verb participle endings
-ado
-er/-ir verb participle endings
-ido
abrir past participle
abierto
cubrir past participle
cubierto
decir past participle
dicho
descubrir past participle
descubierto
escribir past participle
escrito
hacer past participle
hecho
morir past participle
muerto
poner past participle
puesto
resolver past participle
resuelto
romper past participle
roto
ver past participle
visto
volver past participle
vuelto
present perfect subjunctive endings (present subjunctive haber)
haya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayais, hayan
how to form present perfect subjunctive
present subjunctive of haber + past participle; No creo que Luis haya dejado de usar su tarjeta de credito; I don’t think Luis has stopped using his credit card
passive se
used when the agent performing the action is not stated.
exs.
Se subiran los impuestos; taxes will be raised
Se necesita un cajero; an ATM is needed
impersonal se
equivalent to English usage of “one, people, we, you, or there are”
exs.
Se habla mucho de la crisis; they talk about the crisis a lot
Se dice que es mejor prestar que pedir prestado; they say it is better to lend than to borrow
Se busca camarero; waiter wanted
se for unexpected events (how to construct?)
Se + indirect object pronoun (me, te, le, nos, os, les) + verb + subject
ex. Se me acabó el dinero; I ran out of money
typical se for unexpected events verbs
acabar - to run out
caer - to drop
ocurrir - to occur
dañar - to damage
olvidar - to forget
perdir - to lose
quedar - to leave behind
romper - to break
present time expressions with hacer
hace + [period of time] + que + [verb in PRESENT]
Hace tres semanas que busco trabajo
I’ve been loking for work for three weeks
preterite time expressions with hacer
hace + [period of time] + que + [verb in PRETERITE]
Hace seis meses que fueron a Bolivia
They went to Bolivia six months ago
imperfect time expressions with hacer
hacía + [period of time] + que + [verb in IMPERFECT]
Hacía treinta años que trabajaba cuando por fin se jubiló
He had been working for thirty years when he finally retired.
acabar (with se)
to run out of
caer (with se)
to drop
ocurrir (with se)
to occur
dañar (with se)
to damage
olvidar (with se)
to forget
perdir (with se)
to lose
quedar (with se)
to leave behind
romper (with se)
to break
just happened
acabar de + infinitivo; le acabamos de ofrecer el puesto (we just offered him the position)
