Provisional government (section 2) Flashcards

1
Q

How long did the PG last?

A

8 months

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2
Q

Who led the PG at first?

A

Prince Lvov

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3
Q

What was a criticism of the pg?

A

It wasn’t an electedvbody

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4
Q

Why was its authority limited?

A

Due to its unofficial partnership with the soviet

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5
Q

What did it first want to act as?

A

A supervisory who made sure workers and soldiers rights were listened to

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6
Q

Where were soviets set up?

A

In all major towns

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7
Q

Who were the majority in the soviets?

A

Mensheviks and SRs

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8
Q

What was this shared power known as?

A

Dual authority

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9
Q

What did soviet order number 1 declare?

A

That in military matters the orders of the pg were only to be obeyed if it didn’t contradict soviet orders

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10
Q

What did dual authority contain a broad balance of?

A

Political representation

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11
Q

What did events push the pg and soviet to?

A

Pg- right
Soviets-left

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12
Q

How long did they make industrial days for workers?

A

8 hours

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13
Q

What did they legally recognise?

A

Trade unions

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14
Q

What were the tsarist police replaced with?

A

People’s militia

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15
Q

What rights were granted?

A

Civil rights and freedoms

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16
Q

What did they prepare for?

A

The election of a constituent assembly

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17
Q

What did the pg early achievements fail to include

A

Issues on war and land

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18
Q

Who were the first of the Bolsheviks to return?

A

Stalin and Kamenev

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19
Q

What did Lenin’s ‘letters from afar’ urge?

A

Not to work with pg or any other parties

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20
Q

What did Lenin demand the war turn into?

A

A class war where soldiers should turn their weapons against their own officers

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21
Q

What did the Bolsheviks do despite Lenin’s urging?

A

Cooperated with the pg and other parties

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22
Q

How did Lenin return ?

A

In a sealed train organised by the German government

23
Q

Why did Germany give financial support to Lenin?

A

In hopes that they would seize power and pull Russia out of the war

24
Q

What were the April theses?

A

A series of statements set out by Lenin upon his return

25
Q

What did he demand the Bolsheviks to abandon

A

Cooperation with other parties

26
Q

Who did he want to transfer power to?

A

Workers

27
Q

Who did he demand the power be passed to

A

Soviets

28
Q

What did Lenin perceive the Soviets as

A

A power base on which a Bolshevik takeover could be organised

29
Q

What was Lenin’s main slogan?

A

Peace, bread and land

30
Q

What did his slogan deal with?

A

The issues that the pg couldn’t resolve

31
Q

Why did Russia feel like they had to continue in war?

A

Because they were dependent on foreign loans

32
Q

What did keeping Russia in the war mean for the pg?

A

It meant that it severely tainted their chance at survival

33
Q

What did the ministerial crisis demonstrate?

A

The division between the pg and the Soviets

34
Q

What did the Soviets call for?

A

Peace without indemnities

35
Q

What did the foreign minister call for

A

Pledged that they would keep fighting

36
Q

What was kerenskys role

A

Foreign minister after resignation of milyukov

37
Q

What did kerensky think of the war?

A

That it was a crusade and they needed to defeat Germany to save the revolution

38
Q

What kind of position was Russia in?

A

An impossible one, where their fortune could not be turned around in war

39
Q

What could the pg not claim?

A

The loyalty of the Russian people

40
Q

What would the pg be judged on?

A

How well it dealt with issues

41
Q

What gave the soviet great prominence?

A

The pg was unsure in its own authority

42
Q

Why was there excitement across Russia when the pg emerged?

A

Political groups felt that real freedom had been achieved and people felt it was a new era

43
Q

Why was there a willingness to maintain state authority?

A

So that the new liberty woukdnt slip into anarchy

44
Q

Who began the process of destruction of the pg

A

Lenin

45
Q

What did kamenev and Stalin believe the best policy for war was?

A

International negotiation

46
Q

What was accommodationism?

A

The idea of cooperating with other parties and the government

47
Q

Why did Lenin argue that the main issues couldn’t be dealt with in Russia?

A

The pg was focused only on the own interests of their class

48
Q

Why did Lenin argue that they didn’t want to supply food or reform?

A

Be sued it guaranteed their property rights and privilege

49
Q

Why did foreign bankers visit Russia after the tsars abdication?

A

To ensure that the new regime would continue the war

50
Q

What caused loss of support for the government?

A

The army weren’t successful

51
Q

What did Kerensky appeal for in his speeches on the front line?

A

For the soldiers to lay down their lives for Russia

52
Q

What happened with the offensive on the south-western line?

A

They failed badly with Austria inflicting heavy losses

53
Q

What did general kornilov call for?

A

The pg to halt offences and focus on the political subversives at home

54
Q

When did Kerensky become prime minister

A

8 July