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Russia 1894-1941 > February Revolution 1917 (section 2) > Flashcards

February Revolution 1917 (section 2) Flashcards

1
Q

What was frustrating middle class liberals?

A

Lack of political rights

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2
Q

What was frustrating the peasantry?

A

Land, hunger and conscription

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3
Q

What was frustrating the working class?

A

Appalling living conditions

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4
Q

How did Russia hope to win the war?

A

By sheer manpower

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5
Q

Where did Russia experience heavy defeats?

A

Battles of tannenburg and masurian lakes

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6
Q

Who was day-to-day control left to?

A

Rasputin and the tsarina

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7
Q

Who lead the feb revolution?

A

Members of Russian upper classes

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8
Q

Who did the tsar refuse to work with

A

Union of zemstvas and municipal councils

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9
Q

Why were the progressive bloc formed?

A

To prevent revolution so the tsar could focus on the war

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10
Q

What did tsars rejection of this mean?

A

That he rejected his last chance to make concessions

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11
Q

How much had inflation increased by 1917?

A

By 200%

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12
Q

Why did strikes begin in the end of 1916

A

The rise in living standards resulted in labour unrest

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13
Q

How many people protested to commemorate Bloody Sunday?

A

140,000

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14
Q

Who was ordered to restore order?

A

General Khablov

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15
Q

Why could martial law not be proclaimed or printed?

A

Due to breakdown of ordinary life

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16
Q

Who formed the provisional committee?

A

Group of 12 old Duma members

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17
Q

Who called for the tsar to stand down?

A

Kerensky and an SR

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18
Q

Who formed the Petrograd soviet?

A

Soldiers sailors and worker deputies

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19
Q

What did the Petrograd soviet and provisional committee form into?

A

De Facto government

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20
Q

What happened on tsars return to Petrograd?

A

His train was intercepted and diverted as a result of troop mutinies

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21
Q

Who advised the tsar to abdicate

A

The stavska

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22
Q

Who did the star try to pass his leadership to?

A

His brother

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23
Q

What did the provisional committee rename itself?

A

Provisional government (PG)

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24
Q

Who claimed the the nation were unwilling to fight for the regime?

A

Trotsky

25
Q

What did Lenin believe to be an essential precondition for a true revolution?

A

The ruling classes unwillingness to survive

26
Q

What was a military success under Brusilov?

A

The offensive that killed or wounded half a million Austrian troops

27
Q

What was the feel of the army by 1916?

A

Pessimism and defeatism

28
Q

Why did peasants begin to desert?

A

I’ll-equipped and underfed

29
Q

What did research show about Russian armies in 1917

A

That they were NOT on the verge of collapse

30
Q

What had the strains of war producers in all armies?

A

Mutinies

31
Q

Why was the Duma recalled?

A

Due to the poor military showing

32
Q

What did the success of the zemgor show?

A

That there was a possible alternative to tsarism

33
Q

Who formed the progressive bloc?

A

Around 230 Duma members of octobrists kadets and progressists

34
Q

What did the bloc try to do?

A

Persuade Nicholas into making concessions

35
Q

What did the tsar fail to realise?

A

That the progressive bloc were trying to help him

36
Q

How many different ministers were there between 1915-16

A

16

37
Q

Who was Rasputin?

A

A self proclaimed holy man from Russian streppes who was notorious for sexual depravity

38
Q

What did wives of courtiers claim about Rasputin?

A

That they had slept with him

39
Q

What did this cause those in court to feel about him?

A

They came to deeply despise him

40
Q

What did Rasputin enjoy?

A

Royal favour

41
Q

Why was Rasputin invited to court?

A

Due to the tsarinas belief that he had the ability to heal her son

42
Q

What made the tsarina unpopular at the outbreak of war?

A

Her German nationality

43
Q

Why did people find it difficult to defend the system?

A

Because Nicholas allowed the nation to fall under the influence of a monk and a German woman

44
Q

How did the tsarina attempt to make Russia her adapted country?

A

By converting to the Orthodox Church and adopting Russian customs and conventions

45
Q

Why did aristocratic conspirators murder Rasputin?

A

Due to spite and restoring the monarchy

46
Q

How did Rasputin demonstrate the administrative skills Russia needed?

A

By reorganising the armies medical supply

47
Q

How did the government choose chaos and disorganisation?

A

They insisted that organising the country would organise the revolution

48
Q

What made the February revolution different?

A

The range of opposition and the speed of protest-revolution

49
Q

Who started a strike on February 18th?

A

Putilov steel workers

50
Q

Who were they joined by?

A

Other workers

51
Q

What rumour caused these workers to join the strike?

A

A rumour of a reduction in bread supply

52
Q

Why were attempts to disperse the protests unsuccessful?

A

The police had a growing sympathy for workers

53
Q

What happened on national women’s day?

A

Women joined the protest in demand of food and the end of war

54
Q

Why did khabalov argue that the situation was uncontrollable?

A

Because the militia and police were either fighting each other it joining the demonstrations

55
Q

What did the soviet declare?

A

That it would wipe out the whole system and create a constituent assembly

56
Q

How did the remaining ministers abandon their responsibilities?

A

By using the present of an electricity failure

57
Q

How did rodzianko think the Russian monarchy could be saved?

A

If the tsar abdicated

58
Q

What did Nicholas believe his personal presence would do?

A

Calm the capital

59
Q

When was the tsars abdication?

A

2nd March but officially announced on the 4th

Russia 1894-1941 (7 decks)

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