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Russia 1894-1941 > Provisional government and the October revolution (section 2) > Flashcards

Provisional government and the October revolution (section 2) Flashcards

1
Q

What happened in Konstradt?

A

Sailors and workers defied the central authorities by setting up their own government

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2
Q

What did this tempt revolutionaries to do?

A

Made them believe that they had the opportunity to bring down the pg

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3
Q

What events suggested that the pg were not in full control?

A

Spread of Soviets, land seizures by workers, internal government disputes and worker control of factories

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4
Q

How did national minorities exploit the pg?

A

By setting up their own governments and claim independence of central control

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5
Q

What did Ukraine contain?

A

The largest number of non-Russian people in the empire

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6
Q

What did it produce the most of the the region?

A

Food

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7
Q

Why did kadet ministers resign?

A

Because the pg offered independence in Ukraine

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8
Q

What did the kadets protest?

A

That a constituent assembly would properly solve matters

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9
Q

How often had strikes occurred since February?

A

Almost daily

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10
Q

What had Lenin declared at the all Russian congress?

A

That the Bolsheviks were prepared to take over

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11
Q

What did the delegates regard Lenin’s declaration as?

A

An intention, not a plan

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12
Q

What happened to those reluctant to make a bid for power in the July days?

A

They were physically attacked

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13
Q

Why was it easy to crush the rising?

A

Due to the disunity

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14
Q

What did Trotsky argue about the July days?

A

That it was started by the Mensheviks and SRs

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15
Q

What did Trotsky try to do?

A

Absolve the Bolsheviks from the blame of a failed revolution

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16
Q

What explanation was offered by the Bolsheviks?

A

That they had come to the aid of workers and sailors

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17
Q

What did the failed uprising reveal?

A

That the Bolsheviks were not a dominant revolutionary party

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18
Q

How did Kerensky put pressure on the Bolsheviks

A

Closed down Pravda and many Bolshevik leaders were arrested

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19
Q

How did Kerensky brand the Bolsheviks in his campaign ?

A

That they were traitors and German agents

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20
Q

What did peasants believe they would benefit from?

A

A major land redistribution

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21
Q

What happened when the government did nothing on the land question?

A

Peasants seized property of local landlords

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22
Q

What was the aim of the land commission?

A

To redistribute land

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23
Q

What did the Bolsheviks dismiss the peasants as

A

Lacking true revolutionary initiative

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24
Q

What allowed Lenin to add the peasants to the proletarian cause?

A

The peasants were acting as a revolutionary force due to post-tsarist circumstances

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25
Q

What produced a considerable amount of support for the Bolsheviks in the countryside?

A

Their recognition of land seizures as perfectly legitimate

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26
Q

Who did Left SRs side with?

A

Bolsheviks

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27
Q

What was the kornilov affair

A

A crisis that undermined the gains it had made from its handling of the july days

28
Q

What did the kornilov affair do for the Bolsheviks?

A

Allowed them to recover from their humiliation

29
Q

What did kornilov believe?

A

That Russia had to destroy its socialist enemies before Germany

30
Q

Why did refugees and deserters flock into the city?

A

Because German forces came deeper into Russia

31
Q

What did kornilov declare?

A

That Russia stood in danger of socialist inspired insurrection

32
Q

What did kornilov inform Kerensky?

A

That he intended on bringing his loyal troops to Petrograd to save the pg from overthrow

33
Q

How did Kerensky respond to this?

A

He called on all loyal citizens to take up arms and defend the city

34
Q

What was ironic about the Bolsheviks being given arms?

A

They were given arms to defend those who they intended to overthrow

35
Q

Why were the arms not needed?

A

The railway workers refused to operate the trains to bring in kornilov army

36
Q

What did Kerensky do after learning this?

A

Abandoned the advance and allowed his arrest

37
Q

Who benefited the most from this?

A

Bolsheviks

38
Q

How were the Bolsheviks able to present themselves?

A

As defenders of Petrograd

39
Q

What did this reveal about the pg?

A

Its vulnerability to military threat

40
Q

What had the Bolsheviks gained by September 1917?

A

A majority in the Petrograd and Moscow Soviets

41
Q

How successful were soviet meetings?

A

In the first few months they were fully attended

42
Q

What did the Bolsheviks political dedication mean?

A

That they showed up in full swing and were able to extend their influence

43
Q

Why did Lenin want to seize power at this moment?

A

Because the pg were vulnerable

44
Q

Which two events were worrying Lenin about their ability to seize power?

A

Election for constituent assembly and meeting of all-Russian congress of Soviets

45
Q

Why did Lenin want to topple the pg before the congress met?

A

Because they could present their authority as a fait accompli which they would have no reason to reject

46
Q

Which parties had set their hopes on the constituent assembly?

A

Progressivists and reformers

47
Q

Why did the Bolsheviks need to be in power before the election?

A

So that they could undermine their decision

48
Q

What was the pre-parliament

A

A body to advise the government

49
Q

What was the intention of a pre-parliament

A

To fill the interim before the constituent assembly came into being

50
Q

What did Lenin condemn the pre-parliament as

A

An attempt by the pg to strengthen its grip on power

51
Q

How did the Bolsheviks react to a pre-parliament?

A

They mocked it loudly and walked out

52
Q

How did Lenin’s presence addict the Bolsheviks

A

Stiffened resolve but didn’t create total unity

53
Q

What did the central committee pledge itself to?

A

An armed insurrection

54
Q

Who initiated the rising

A

Kerensky

55
Q

What did the article written by kamenev state

A

That it would be a mistake to overthrow the pg

56
Q

How did Kerensky interpret this article?

A

That a date had already been set

57
Q

Who organised the October rising

A

Trotsky

58
Q

What did the Soviets set up?

A

A revolutionary committee to organise the defence of Petrograd

59
Q

What did Trotsky use his influence for?

A

Being accepted into being on the team to run the MRC

60
Q

What did this mean Trotsky had at his disposal?

A

The only effective military force

60
Q

What was Trotsky now in the position to do?

A

Draft plans for the overthrow of the PG

61
Q

Who directed the red guards?

A

Trotsky

62
Q

How many deaths occurred in the time it took for the Bolsheviks to seize power

A

Only 6

63
Q

What had the desertions reduced the garrison to?

A

A small group of kadets, Cossacks and amazons

64
Q

How much resistance was there by the pg?

A

None

65
Q

How did the red guards enter the winter palace?

A

Through the back doors and defenders gave up

66
Q

Who were the 14 names of the new government?

A

All SRs and Bolsheviks with Lenin as chief minister

Russia 1894-1941 (7 decks)

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