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protozoan parasites lab tite Flashcards

1
Q

Trophozoites of entamoeba histolytica have the following chartacteristics?

A

-Small delicate nuclear karyosomal chromatin
- fine peripheral chromatin
- progressive motility with hyaline, fingerlike pseudopods

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2
Q

Adherence to the intestinal mucosa of G. Lamblia is achieved by the

A

Ventral sucking disc

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3
Q

The largest protozoan that infects humans

A

Balantidium Coli

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4
Q

what makes the Trophozoite of Balantidium coli. distinct

A

Merong Cilia lods

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5
Q

The commensal has a pear-shaped trophozoite with three anterior flagella, a nucleus and a prominent shepherd’s crook-like cytostome

A

chilomastix mesnili

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6
Q

specimen used routinely in the detection of T. vaginalis

A

Vaginal discharge/peripheral discharge

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7
Q

Fresh specimens are mandatory for the recovery of

A

motile trophozoites

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8
Q

formed stool

A

protozoan cyst and helminth egg

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9
Q

If stool is standing for longer than 30 min

A

Trophozoite will lose motility and get destroye3d

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10
Q

which of the following is not useful for direct fecal smear analysis?

A

Gram’s iodine

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11
Q

which of the following is useful for direct fecal smear analysis?

A

-1. NSS
-2. Lugol’s iodine/ Nair’s buffered methylene blue pwedeng substitute

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12
Q

Nair’s buffered methylene blue is good for?

A

Trophozoite

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13
Q

Phylum amoebazoa (7)

A
  1. Entamoeba histolytica
  2. E. Coli
  3. E. Hartmanni
  4. Iodamoeba butschlii
  5. Endolimax nana
  6. Naegleria fowleri
  7. Acanthamoeba spp.
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14
Q

Phylum metamonada (5)

A
  1. Giardia lamblia
  2. Dientamoeba fragilis
  3. Chilomastix mesnili
  4. Trichomonas vaginalis
  5. T. tenax
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15
Q

Kingdom protozoa (5)

A
  1. Phylum amoebazoa
  2. Phylum metamonada
  3. Phylum euglenozoa
  4. Phylum ciliophora
  5. Phylum apicomplexa
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16
Q

Phylum euglenozoa (2)

A
  1. Leishmania spp.
  2. Trypanosomes
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17
Q

Phylum ciliophora

A
  1. Balantidium coli
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18
Q

Phylum apicomplexa

A
  1. Babesia
  2. Plasmodium spp.
  3. Toxoplasma gondii
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19
Q

Characterized by the presence of hyaline foot-like extrusions from the ectoplasm

A

Amoeba

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20
Q

sa loob ng nucleus ano yung nandon mukha daw mata.

A

Karyosome

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21
Q

Important in distinguishing what specie of parasite? contains chromatin

A

Karyosome/endosome

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22
Q

2 sides of cytoplasm

A

endoplasm and ectoplasm

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23
Q

what structure of the amoeba is generally considered with the motility of the parasite?

A

ectoplasm

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24
Q

Consists of organelle, nutrients, glycogen, very refractile, metabolic processes

A

endoplasm

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25
All amoeba are intestine dwellers except
E. Gingivalis
26
All are commensals except:
E. histolytica
27
Cysts is the infective stage except:
E. gingivalis (meron lang trophozoite form to)
28
From phylum Sacomastigophora (old) ano na tawag?
phylum amoebozoa
29
4 stages in the life cycle of amoeba
1. Trophozoite 2. pre-cystic stage 3. Cystic stage 4. metacystic stage
30
process when trophozoite transforms into a cyst
encystation
31
process when a cyst transforms into a trophozoite
excystation
32
uninucleated that organism that starts to become a cyst
pre-cystic stage
33
infective stage of parasite, non feeding forms, resistant, non-motile
cystic stage
34
cyst is starting to become a trophozoite
metacystic stage
35
feeding form, labile, motile, active, only recovered in fresh sample
trophozoite
36
in cyst what can you seE?
chromatid bodies, nucleus, karyosome, and glycogen
37
nutrient source ng cyst, food reserve
chromatid bodies
38
function ng cyst?
magparami
39
anong source ng amoeba ang probably nagcacause ng infection?
matured cyst
40
- Common in people who live in tropical areas with poor sanitary conditions - most pathogenic amoeba; true pathogen - habitat large intestine - infective stage - cyst =tetra quadrinucleated" (mature) - virulent stage - trophozoite (feeding) - name means "tissue lysis" it releases lectin, amoebapores, cystene proteanases - causes lysis or necrosis - Final host - man - mode of transmission: ingestion of mature cyst
Entamoeba histolytica
41
chromatoidal bar of cyst
cigar shape, sausage shape, road shape, coffin shape, with rounded ends
42
purpose of chromatoidal bar?
food storage/source of nutrients
43
with the presence of red blood cells you already know that the parasite under the microscope is?
hematophagia
44
would show a progressive aggresive rapid movement of hyaline pseudopodia
unstained smear
45
What kills motility?
staining
46
E histolytica diagnosis (5)
1. direct fecal smear 2. concentration technique 3. culture media 4. stains 5. serological tests
47
Concentration techniques enumerate all
- FECT - MIFCT (merthiolate iodine formaldehyde ct) - Floatation technique (zinc sulfate or brine floatation technique.
48
principle of concentration techniques
used for the recovery of cyst
49
chick embryo
used as a culture media
50
Stians
lugols iodine and permanent stain - iron hematoxylin - trichrome stain - best carmine
51
52
53
Serological test
-IHAT - ELISA -IFAT
53
E- histolytica vs kamukha. what serological test use
ELISA
54
mga kamukha ng e histolytica
E. dispar E. moshkovskii
55
small race of e histolytica
E.hartmanni
56
E. histolytica treatment?
1. Metronidazole 2. diloxanide furoate
57
For tissue infection caused by E. histolytica (trophozoid)
metranidazole
58
for asymptomatic cyst passers
Diloxanide furoate
59
Entamoeba coli
iba sa escherichia coli
60
can be got in contaminated water or food
entamoeba coli
61
octonucleated
entamoeba coli
62
witch broom shape/splinter shape yung chromatoidal body
entamoeba coli cyst
63
entamoeba coli trophozoite
dirty looking, granular cystoplasm usually vacuolated, contains debris.
64
pag sa practical exam tapos maliit tapos di makita ano sagot!
endolimax nana
65
protozoans characterized by the presence of whiplike locomotory organ
flagellates
66
Flagellates with no cyst stage
- trichomonas vaginalis - trichomonas hominis
67
found on surface or in soil food or water - foul smelling diarrhea with increased amount of fat and mucus but no blood - sexually transmitted disease (anal sex) - binary fission - duodenum ang bahay niya. "crypts" of duodenum - first portion of the small intestine
giardia duodenalis/Giardia lamblia/Giardia intestinalis. dami niyang names fuck man
68
cell detatching factor
pinag slough off
69
pathogenesis of G.duodenalis
uses cell detatching factor - to lose intercellular junction, - cytoskeleton rearrangement - cell barrier dysfunction pathophysiological mechanisms - diarrhea - malabsorption - electrolyte imbalance
70
G. duodenalis nuclei cyst
4 mature 2-4 (baby)
71
motility of G. duodenalis (trophozoites)
falling leaf motility
72
Trophozoites mukhang
old man's eye w/glasses appearance
73
use of 2 axostyle, 2 axonemes
for support and movement
74
made of microtubules
cytoskeleton
75
use of median bodies
for energy
76
trophozoites
4 pairs, so 8 flagellas merong 2 pairs lateral 1 pair ventral 1 pair cardal
77
pathology
traveler's diarrhea, gay bowel syndrome - epigastric pain, flatulence, fat malabsorption
78
Entero-test is also called
string test
79
- tropgozoite and cyst, - 1 or 2 nuclei - nuclear membrane as no peripheral chromatin - karyosome: 4-6 discrete granules
Dientamoeba fragilis
80
u can see very distinct in dientamoeba fragilis
inner and outer cysts wall.
81
mode of transmission of dientamoeba fragilis
fecal-oral route - may be conveyed in helminth eggs ex. ascaris eggs, enterobius eggs
82
can trophozoites survive in mucus?
yes
83
no cystic stage, no true cell wall, no cyst
trichomonas vaginalis
84
motility of trichomonas vaginalis
non directional, jerky tumbling motility
85
undulating membrane
allows parasite to move in water.
86
releases proteinases. can lysis rbc and tissues - 4.5 ph
trichomonas vaginalis
87
chilomastix mesnili (safety pin)
boring cork screw motility
88
Only pathogenic ciliate and the largest of the protozoan that parsitize humans
balantidium coli
89
E. polecki
pigs
90
common cause of infection on pigs
balantidium coli
91
definitive host of balantidium coli and ano ung accidental
pigs ang definitive and accidental ung humans
92
cytopyge
anus at labasan ng dumi ng balantidium coli
93
mouth ng balantidium coli
cytosome
94
micronucleus
for reproduction
95
macronucleus
vegetative function
96

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