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protozoan parasites lab tite Flashcards

1
Q

Trophozoites of entamoeba histolytica have the following chartacteristics?

A

-Small delicate nuclear karyosomal chromatin
- fine peripheral chromatin
- progressive motility with hyaline, fingerlike pseudopods

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2
Q

Adherence to the intestinal mucosa of G. Lamblia is achieved by the

A

Ventral sucking disc

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3
Q

The largest protozoan that infects humans

A

Balantidium Coli

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4
Q

what makes the Trophozoite of Balantidium coli. distinct

A

Merong Cilia lods

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5
Q

The commensal has a pear-shaped trophozoite with three anterior flagella, a nucleus and a prominent shepherd’s crook-like cytostome

A

chilomastix mesnili

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6
Q

specimen used routinely in the detection of T. vaginalis

A

Vaginal discharge/peripheral discharge

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7
Q

Fresh specimens are mandatory for the recovery of

A

motile trophozoites

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8
Q

formed stool

A

protozoan cyst and helminth egg

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9
Q

If stool is standing for longer than 30 min

A

Trophozoite will lose motility and get destroye3d

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10
Q

which of the following is not useful for direct fecal smear analysis?

A

Gram’s iodine

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11
Q

which of the following is useful for direct fecal smear analysis?

A

-1. NSS
-2. Lugol’s iodine/ Nair’s buffered methylene blue pwedeng substitute

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12
Q

Nair’s buffered methylene blue is good for?

A

Trophozoite

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13
Q

Phylum amoebazoa (7)

A
  1. Entamoeba histolytica
  2. E. Coli
  3. E. Hartmanni
  4. Iodamoeba butschlii
  5. Endolimax nana
  6. Naegleria fowleri
  7. Acanthamoeba spp.
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14
Q

Phylum metamonada (5)

A
  1. Giardia lamblia
  2. Dientamoeba fragilis
  3. Chilomastix mesnili
  4. Trichomonas vaginalis
  5. T. tenax
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15
Q

Kingdom protozoa (5)

A
  1. Phylum amoebazoa
  2. Phylum metamonada
  3. Phylum euglenozoa
  4. Phylum ciliophora
  5. Phylum apicomplexa
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16
Q

Phylum euglenozoa (2)

A
  1. Leishmania spp.
  2. Trypanosomes
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17
Q

Phylum ciliophora

A
  1. Balantidium coli
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18
Q

Phylum apicomplexa

A
  1. Babesia
  2. Plasmodium spp.
  3. Toxoplasma gondii
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19
Q

Characterized by the presence of hyaline foot-like extrusions from the ectoplasm

A

Amoeba

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20
Q

sa loob ng nucleus ano yung nandon mukha daw mata.

A

Karyosome

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21
Q

Important in distinguishing what specie of parasite? contains chromatin

A

Karyosome/endosome

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22
Q

2 sides of cytoplasm

A

endoplasm and ectoplasm

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23
Q

what structure of the amoeba is generally considered with the motility of the parasite?

A

ectoplasm

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24
Q

Consists of organelle, nutrients, glycogen, very refractile, metabolic processes

A

endoplasm

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25
Q

All amoeba are intestine dwellers except

A

E. Gingivalis

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26
Q

All are commensals except:

A

E. histolytica

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27
Q

Cysts is the infective stage except:

A

E. gingivalis (meron lang trophozoite form to)

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28
Q

From phylum Sacomastigophora (old) ano na tawag?

A

phylum amoebozoa

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29
Q

4 stages in the life cycle of amoeba

A
  1. Trophozoite
  2. pre-cystic stage
  3. Cystic stage
  4. metacystic stage
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30
Q

process when trophozoite transforms into a cyst

A

encystation

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31
Q

process when a cyst transforms into a trophozoite

A

excystation

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32
Q

uninucleated that organism that starts to become a cyst

A

pre-cystic stage

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33
Q

infective stage of parasite, non feeding forms, resistant, non-motile

A

cystic stage

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34
Q

cyst is starting to become a trophozoite

A

metacystic stage

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35
Q

feeding form, labile, motile, active, only recovered in fresh sample

A

trophozoite

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36
Q

in cyst what can you seE?

A

chromatid bodies, nucleus, karyosome, and glycogen

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37
Q

nutrient source ng cyst, food reserve

A

chromatid bodies

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38
Q

function ng cyst?

A

magparami

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39
Q

anong source ng amoeba ang probably nagcacause ng infection?

A

matured cyst

40
Q
  • Common in people who live in tropical areas with poor sanitary conditions
  • most pathogenic amoeba; true pathogen
  • habitat large intestine
  • infective stage - cyst =tetra quadrinucleated” (mature)
  • virulent stage - trophozoite (feeding)
  • name means “tissue lysis” it releases lectin, amoebapores, cystene proteanases
  • causes lysis or necrosis
  • Final host - man
  • mode of transmission: ingestion of mature cyst
A

Entamoeba histolytica

41
Q

chromatoidal bar of cyst

A

cigar shape, sausage shape, road shape, coffin shape, with rounded ends

42
Q

purpose of chromatoidal bar?

A

food storage/source of nutrients

43
Q

with the presence of red blood cells you already know that the parasite under the microscope is?

A

hematophagia

44
Q

would show a progressive aggresive rapid movement of hyaline pseudopodia

A

unstained smear

45
Q

What kills motility?

A

staining

46
Q

E histolytica diagnosis (5)

A
  1. direct fecal smear
  2. concentration technique
  3. culture media
  4. stains
  5. serological tests
47
Q

Concentration techniques enumerate all

A
  • FECT
  • MIFCT (merthiolate iodine formaldehyde ct)
  • Floatation technique (zinc sulfate or brine floatation technique.
48
Q

principle of concentration techniques

A

used for the recovery of cyst

49
Q

chick embryo

A

used as a culture media

50
Q

Stians

A

lugols iodine and

permanent stain
- iron hematoxylin
- trichrome stain
- best carmine

51
Q
A
52
Q
A
53
Q

Serological test

A

-IHAT
- ELISA
-IFAT

53
Q

E- histolytica vs kamukha. what serological test use

A

ELISA

54
Q

mga kamukha ng e histolytica

A

E. dispar
E. moshkovskii

55
Q

small race of e histolytica

A

E.hartmanni

56
Q

E. histolytica treatment?

A
  1. Metronidazole
  2. diloxanide furoate
57
Q

For tissue infection caused by E. histolytica (trophozoid)

A

metranidazole

58
Q

for asymptomatic cyst passers

A

Diloxanide furoate

59
Q

Entamoeba coli

A

iba sa escherichia coli

60
Q

can be got in contaminated water or food

A

entamoeba coli

61
Q

octonucleated

A

entamoeba coli

62
Q

witch broom shape/splinter shape yung chromatoidal body

A

entamoeba coli cyst

63
Q

entamoeba coli trophozoite

A

dirty looking, granular cystoplasm usually vacuolated, contains debris.

64
Q

pag sa practical exam tapos maliit tapos di makita ano sagot!

A

endolimax nana

65
Q

protozoans characterized by the presence of whiplike locomotory organ

A

flagellates

66
Q

Flagellates with no cyst stage

A
  • trichomonas vaginalis
  • trichomonas hominis
67
Q

found on surface or in soil food or water
- foul smelling diarrhea with increased amount of fat and mucus but no blood
- sexually transmitted disease (anal sex)
- binary fission
- duodenum ang bahay niya. “crypts” of duodenum
- first portion of the small intestine

A

giardia duodenalis/Giardia lamblia/Giardia intestinalis.

dami niyang names fuck man

68
Q

cell detatching factor

A

pinag slough off

69
Q

pathogenesis of G.duodenalis

A

uses cell detatching factor
- to lose intercellular junction,
- cytoskeleton rearrangement
- cell barrier dysfunction

pathophysiological mechanisms
- diarrhea
- malabsorption
- electrolyte imbalance

70
Q

G. duodenalis nuclei cyst

A

4 mature
2-4 (baby)

71
Q

motility of G. duodenalis (trophozoites)

A

falling leaf motility

72
Q

Trophozoites mukhang

A

old man’s eye w/glasses appearance

73
Q

use of 2 axostyle, 2 axonemes

A

for support and movement

74
Q

made of microtubules

A

cytoskeleton

75
Q

use of median bodies

A

for energy

76
Q

trophozoites

A

4 pairs, so 8 flagellas

merong 2 pairs lateral
1 pair ventral
1 pair cardal

77
Q

pathology

A

traveler’s diarrhea, gay bowel syndrome
- epigastric pain, flatulence, fat malabsorption

78
Q

Entero-test is also called

A

string test

79
Q
  • tropgozoite and cyst,
  • 1 or 2 nuclei
  • nuclear membrane as no peripheral chromatin
  • karyosome: 4-6 discrete granules
A

Dientamoeba fragilis

80
Q

u can see very distinct in dientamoeba fragilis

A

inner and outer cysts wall.

81
Q

mode of transmission of dientamoeba fragilis

A

fecal-oral route
- may be conveyed in helminth eggs
ex. ascaris eggs, enterobius eggs

82
Q

can trophozoites survive in mucus?

A

yes

83
Q

no cystic stage, no true cell wall, no cyst

A

trichomonas vaginalis

84
Q

motility of trichomonas vaginalis

A

non directional, jerky tumbling motility

85
Q

undulating membrane

A

allows parasite to move in water.

86
Q

releases proteinases. can lysis rbc and tissues
- 4.5 ph

A

trichomonas vaginalis

87
Q

chilomastix mesnili (safety pin)

A

boring cork screw motility

88
Q

Only pathogenic ciliate and the largest of the protozoan that parsitize humans

A

balantidium coli

89
Q

E. polecki

A

pigs

90
Q

common cause of infection on pigs

A

balantidium coli

91
Q

definitive host of balantidium coli and ano ung accidental

A

pigs ang definitive and accidental ung humans

92
Q

cytopyge

A

anus at labasan ng dumi ng balantidium coli

93
Q

mouth ng balantidium coli

A

cytosome

94
Q

micronucleus

A

for reproduction

95
Q

macronucleus

A

vegetative function

96
Q
A

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