Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

3 PID Unit > Protozoa I > Flashcards

Protozoa I Flashcards

1
Q

What class of protozoa is flagellated?

A

mastigophora

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 4 types of flagellated protozoan in his list?

A

leishmaniatrypanosomagiardiatrichomonas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does trypanosome cause?

A

sleeping sickness and chaga’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does trichomonad cause?

A

vaginitis STI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What class of protozoa is pseudopodia?

A

sarcodina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 3 pseudopodia protozoa he listed?

A

entamoebanaegleriaacanthamoeba

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What sarcodina have a parasitic lifestyle?

A

entamoeba- dysentery, liver abscesses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What sarcodina have a free living lifestyle? what do they cause? What do you get them from?

A
  1. naegleria and acanthamoeba2. fatal meningoencephalitis, corneal ulcers3. from swimming in stagnant water
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the one ciliophora protozoa he listed?

A

balantidium coli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does plasmodium cause? Isospora? Cryptosporidium? Toxoplasma?

A
  1. malaria, 2. diarrhea, 3. diarrhea4. toxoplasmosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a trophozoite?

A

asexual protozoa form (this form feeds)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a tachyzoite? bradyzoite?

A
  1. very active trophozoite2. very low activity trophozoite
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a hemoflagellate?

A

blood flagellated organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is an amastigote?

A

flagellated organism that has lost its flagella in vivo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a promastigote?

A

flagellated trophozoite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a trypomastigote?

A

trophozoite like trypanosoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a cyst?

A

covered organism with a protective coat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is an oocyst?

A

same as cyst but from sexual reprod.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a merozoite?

A

fission of multinucleate form of plasmodium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

In terms of protozoa…what is immunity most often?

A

TDTH plus macrophages[delayed type hypersensitivity]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the definitive host for toxoplasma gondii? How long are they infected?

A
  1. Cats- stray or on fam farms since cats are only 2. infective for a few weeks
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How is toxoplasma gondii passed?

A

acquired from undercooked meat, oocysts in feces, other animals are intermediate hosts, animals get BRADYZOITES [main mech of transmission]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Are bradyzoites dormant?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

In toxoplasmosis, do humans form bradyzoites or tachyzoites?

25
What do tachyzoites do in humans?
cross placenta with fetus infections
26
Toxopasmosis mainly effects who in humans?
fetus and aids patients
27
Are 1st or 3rd trimester toxoplasmosis infection more common? more severe?
3rd is more common1st is more sever
28
In someone with toxoplasmosis, what are the presentations? 4
1. CNS (encephalitis, headache, drowsiness, convulsions, coma)2. Lymphadenitis (fever, malaise, headache, sore throat, pain)3. pneumonitis4. Myocarditis
29
Prenatal toxoplasmosis presents as what?
abortion, still birth to anything CNS (HUGE HEAD)
30
How is toxoplasmosis diagnosed?
serological tests and biopsy
31
What is the treatment of toxoplasmosis?
sulfonamides and pyrimethamine/daraprim (SYNERGISTIC!)
32
How do we prevent toxoplasmosis? immunity?
1. proper cooking, don't let pregos handle cat litter,2. immunity is Th1 activating macrophages
33
In toxoplasmosis what do we see in retinal exam? Do tachyzoites look like sickle cells?
chorioretinitis? kinda`
34
Where does cryptosporidium parvum attach?
epithelial cells (extracellular maybe)
35
Where is cryptosporidium parvum found?
many species of animals?
36
What is the incubation period of cryptosporidium parvum? then what?
4-12 daysmoderate to perfuse diarrhea.Is very severe in AIDS or other compromised individuals (intractable in aids)
37
How is diarrhea produced in cryptosporidium parvum? What do we look for in feces? Therapy
1. unknown2. oocyst with 4 sporozoite3. no good therapy, but we use antibiotics
38
What does immunity depend on for cryptosporidium parvum?
TDTH plus macrophage response
39
What does isospora belli cause? when is it severe?
chronic diarrhea with pain, very severe with aids
40
Is isospora belli an inter epithelial cell pathogen?
INTRAepithelial cell
41
How do we diagnose isospora belli?
looking for mature oocysts
42
What do we treat isospora belli with?
furazolidine and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
43
What does giardia lamblia trophozoite look like? is it active?
1. a face 2. metabolically and motile- movements like a leaf dropping
44
Where does giardia lamblia live? how does it attach?
upper 2/3 of small intestine- where it attaches to the epithelium by a suction cup
45
how does giardia lamblia divide? what does it form in feces?
1. binary fission2. dormant cysts in feces
46
Where do humans get giardia lamblia?
drinking water contaminated by cysts
47
What leads to excystment and growth and diarrhea in giardia lamblia?
acidity and temperature
48
What is the clinical presentation of giardia lamblia?
1. most asymptomatic2. ill present with steatorrhea, foul smelling, malaise fatigue, cramps, flatulence, weight loss, reflux
49
what is giardia lamblia incubation period?
2-3 weeks
50
What is the mechanism of diarrhea in giardia lamblia?
unknown but the trophozoites leave an impression on the epithelium when they detach
51
What is partially protective in giardia lamblia but does not provide much immunity?
IgA
52
What can giardia lamblia be killed by?
iodine, chlorine and removed by filtration, BOILING IS BEST
53
How is giardia lamblia diagnosed?
symptoms and examination of feces for cysts
54
What do we treat giardia lamblia with? other options?
metronidazole, some don't respond and become chronic[options, quinacrine HCL or furazolidine]
55
How is trichomonas vaginalis diagnosed?
looking for characteristic jerky motility and pear shape
56
What is the trich. vaginalis incidence in US?
50%
57
Can men be trich. vaginalis carriers? what does infection look like in women?
1. yes 2. hyperemic vagina and discharge with dysuria
58
Does trich. vaginalis divide by binary fission? have cysts? trophozoite? lots of protective immunity?
Yes, No, Yes, No
59
What is treatment for trich vaginalis?
metronidazole for BOTH partners or will ping pong

3 PID Unit (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions