Protozoa 4 Flashcards
Eimeria spp. Avian
- ID
- Site of infection
- description of oocysts are insufficient for species dx
- small and large intestine
Eimeria spp. Avian
-pathogenesis/lesions/CS
- bloody dropping, dehydration
- E. tenella most pathogenic species in young chicks
- high death rate
- recovered birds may be chronically ill due to persistent core of clotted blood in cecum
Eimeria tenella
- host
- site of infection
- importance
- chickens
- epithelium of intestinal ceca
- leading a high mortality rate in young birds
- Economic loss
Eimeria tenella
-pathogenesis
- bloody diarrhea
- sloughing of epithelium
- plugged cecum due to clotted blood and cell debris, causing necrosis
Eimeria tenella
-Prevention
- prophylaxes using coccidiostats in food or water
- vaccines, effective w/ species specificity
Eimeria tenella
-Dx
- necropsy exam
- location of lesions
- E. tenella in ceca
- E. necatrix in small intestine
- E. brunetti in ileum, cecum and rectum
Toxoplasma gondii
- host
- ID
- final host is can
- Intermediate host: HUMANs, mammals
- oocysts in fecal exam of cat
Toxoplasma gondii
-felid infection
- **cats eating infected animals (rodents)
- direct transmission of oocysts
Toxoplasma gondii
-human infection
- foodborne-oocysts
- animal to human- tissue cysts containing bradyzoites
- mother to child- transplacental by tackyzoites
Toxoplasma gondii
-site of infection
-both intestinal and extraintestinal cells (muscle, liver, brain)
Toxoplasma gondii
-pathogenesis/lesions/CS
most animals asymptomatic, Clinical dz in cat occurs. Depends on organs involved and extent of cells infected. Acute toxoplasmosis. Severe seen with FIV
Toxoplasma gondii
-Dx
- oocysts in cat feces. Serological tests are modified direct agglutination, ELISA and IFA
- Cats develop immunity after intiatla infection and shed only once in a lifetime- for 1-2 weeks
Toxoplasma gondii
–Tx/prevention
- humans should avoid contact w/ feces from felid host
- humans avoid undercooked meat from intermediate host
- pregnant women avoid contact w/ sources of oocysts
- Nonsulfonamides and sulfonamides are used
Toxoplasma gondii
-Pathogenesis/lesions/CS of sheep and goats
- distinct white foci on aborted fetuses and aborted placenta
- in heavy infection, areas of necrosis in vital organs (myocardium, lungs, liver and brain)
Toxoplasma gondii
-Dx of sheep and goats
- fecal exam
- serological tests- agglutination, ELISA, IFA
- Important cause of abortion in ewes and perinatal mortality
- Tachysoites likely to be present in brain & placenta
