Trypanosoma cruzi - hosts - ID

- dogs, cats, humans. Reservoir hosts are many species, wild and domestic - elongated, trypomastigote in blood smear

Leishmania - common name - hosts

- Kala-azar (visceral); oriental sore (cutaneous) - reservoir hosts are many species, wild and domestic

Isospora canis - hosts - ID

- final host are dogs, paratenic hosts include rodents - largest

Isospora canis - Dx - Tx/prevention

- oocyst - management is critical

- require one host - often restricted to a specific host species - most are gastrointestinal parasites of vertebrates - a given species may be limited to a narrow zone, specific kind of cells in a zone, even specific locations w/in cells - numerous number of Eimeria species - Merogony and gametogony w/in hosts, sporogony typically outside of hosts

- PPP in days with three phases - 1. sporulation - 2. Asexual repro: infection and schizogony - 3. Sexual repro: gametogony and oocyst formation

Protozoa 3 Flashcards by Crimson Cuppernell

Trypanosoma cruzi

hosts
ID

dogs, cats, humans. Reservoir hosts are many species, wild and domestic
elongated, trypomastigote in blood smear

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Trypanosoma cruzi

site of infection
pathogenesis/lesions/CS

-muscle & blood
-acute & chronic cardiac dz
-chagas dz
puppiies and kittens most susceptible

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Trypanosoma cruzi

-Dx

trypomastigote in blood smear

- Xenodiagnosis or serological tests confirming infected animal

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Leishmania

common name
hosts

Kala-azar (visceral); oriental sore (cutaneous)

- reservoir hosts are many species, wild and domestic

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Leishmania

-ID

amastgiotes, round or oval in host macrophages

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Leishmania

-site of infection

-skin, liver, spleen, bone marrow & lymph node

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Leishmania

-Dx

-tissue biopsy-amastigotes in macrophages; IFA; ELISA; PCR

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Coccidiasis

infection with coccidian parasites

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Coccidiosis

disease caused by a coccidian infection

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Isospora canis

hosts
ID

final host are dogs, paratenic hosts include rodents

- largest

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Isospora canis

site of infection
pathogenesis/lesions/CS

small intestine

- small intestinal cells destroyed, diarrhea can be severe, watery, profuse & bloody. YOUNG dogs susceptible

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Isospora canis

Dx
Tx/prevention

oocyst

- management is critical

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Isospora suis

host
pathogenesis/CS

pigs

- infects 1-2 week old piglets, high morbidity; low mortality

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Eimeria spp

require one host
often restricted to a specific host species
most are gastrointestinal parasites of vertebrates
a given species may be limited to a narrow zone, specific kind of cells in a zone, even specific locations w/in cells
numerous number of Eimeria species
Merogony and gametogony w/in hosts, sporogony typically outside of hosts

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Eimeria spp

-LC

PPP in days with three phases
1. sporulation
1. Asexual repro: infection and schizogony
1. Sexual repro: gametogony and oocyst formation

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Eimeria spp-Swine

host:
ID

pigs

- 8 Eimeria

Eimeria spp-Swine

site of infection
pathogenesis/lesions/CS

small intestine
small intestinal cell are destroyed
enteritis, diarrhea

Eimeria spp-Swine

Dx
Tx/prevention

oocysts
avoid overcrowding & poor sanitation
immunity develops
antiprotozoal remedies

Eimeria spp-Cattle

hosts
ID

cattle
unsporulated oocyst in feces
sporulate for ID-12 species

Eimeria spp-Cattle

site of infection
pathogenesis/lesions

small & large intestines
lesions in large intestine
inflammatory changes in mucosa
disruption of mucosa of large intestine

Eimeria spp-Cattle

-CS

diarrhea
profuse, watery, projectile, bloody
severity related to parasite density and number of cells affected

Eimeria spp-Cattle

Dx
Tx/prevention

fecal float for oocysts
coccidiasis is inevitable-immunity
coccidiosis is preventable- hygiene, coccidiostats

Eimeria spp-Sheep/goat

host
ID

sheep & goats
11 species in sheep
9 species in goat

Eimeria spp-Sheep/goat

Site of infection
pathogenesis/lesions

small & large intestine

inflammatory changes
disruption

Eimeria spp-Sheep/goat | -CS

- Diarrhea- putty like to watery to bloody - leads to dehydration and weakness - severity related to species, parasite density & number of cells affected

Eimeria spp-Sheep/goat | -Outbreaks

- lambs 1-3 month old - lot-fed animals - irrigated pastures - corralling - streee- transportation, temp changes

Eimeria spp-Sheep/goat | -Dx

history, CS, fecal float to detect oocysts, sporulation for species

Eimeria spp-Sheep/goat | -Tx/prevention

- coccidiasis is inevitable - coccidiosis is preventable - anticoccidial therapy for clinical cases - supportive therapy - coccidiostats (feed-lots)

Eimeria leukarti - host - ID

- equids | - oval oocyst, thick dark shell and distinct micropyle, shell can come off

Eimeria leukarti - Site of infection - pathogenesis/lesions

- small intestine - inflammatory changes in mucosa - disruption of villous architecture

Eimeria leukarti - CS - Dx

- intermittent diarrhea - foal most susceptible - heavy oocysts difficult to float - sugar floatation or sediment

Eimeria leukarti | -tx/prevention

- antiprotozoals | - supportive therapy