protostomes

Question 1

What are the two major groups of protostomes?

Answer 1

Lophotrochozoa and Ecdysozoa

Question 2

What cleavage do protostomes have?

Answer 2

spiral cleavage

Question 3

During Gastrulation what forms first in protostomes?

Answer 3

mouth

Question 4

What is the biggest phyla in protostomes?

Answer 4

Insects

Question 5

What are some defining characteristics of protostomes?

Answer 5

bilaterally symmetric, triploblastic, and coelomate

Question 6

What are Lophotrochozoa defined by?

Answer 6

having a lophophore (rings the mouth and functions in suspension feeding)

Question 7

What are characteristics of Ecdysozoan?

Answer 7

They grow by molting.

Question 8

What are some phyla of Lophotrochozoan?

Answer 8

Molluscs, Annelids, and Flatworms

Question 9

What are some phyla of Ecdysozoan?

Answer 9

roundworms (Nemaoda), Onychophora, Tardigrada and arthropods (arthropoda)

Question 10

What is the basic body plan of most protostome phyle?

Answer 10

wormlike bodies with basic tube-within-a-tube design

Question 11

What two phyla developed pseudocoeloms independently?

Answer 11

rotifers and ecdysozoans.

Question 12

What two phyla have reduced coeloms?

Answer 12

Arthropoda and Mollusca

Question 13

What roles does a coelom have?

Answer 13

space for fluids to circulate organs

hydrostatic skeleton for movement

Question 14

What defines an Arthropod?

Answer 14

jointed limbs and exoskeleton made of chitin.
segmented bodies
locomotion based on muscles that press on exoskeleton
hemocoel provides space for organs and fluid movement

Question 15

What defines a Molluscan?

Answer 15

A foot (large muscle)
visceral mass (organs and gill)
mantle (tissue layer that covers`

Question 16

Echiurans have?

Answer 16

a proboscis forms a gutter

Question 17

Priapulids have?

Answer 17

toothed throat that turns inside out

Question 18

Nemerteans have?

Answer 18

barb-tipped probosics that spears prey

Question 19

Water to land transition adaptaions.

Answer 19

movement, metamorphosis, eggs that would not dry out on land

Question 20

What are the four phyla of Lophotrochozoans?

Answer 20

Rotifers, Platyhelmintes, Annelida, and Mollusca

Question 21

What are Rotifera?

Answer 21

Rotifers, have a corona covered in cillia. uses corona for movement

Question 22

What are Platyhelminthes?

Answer 22

Flatworms

are flat for gas exchange, only one opening for food and wastes

Question 23

What are the three major subgroups of flatworms?

Answer 23

turbellarians (free living)
Cestodes (Endoparasitic )
Trematodes (endo-ectoparasitic flukes)

Question 24

What are Annelida?

Answer 24

Segmented Worms

Question 25

What are the two major lineages of Annelida?

Answer 25

Polychaeta and Clitellata

Question 26

What defines Polychaeta?

Answer 26

many bristle-like extensions called chaetae

Question 27

What defines Clitellata?

Answer 27

Oligochaetes (earthworms) and Leeches

Question 28

What are the four major lineages of Mollusca?

Answer 28

Bivalves, Gastropods, Chitons, and cephalopods

Question 29

What are some species of Gastropodia?

Answer 29

Snails, Slugs, Nudibranchs

Question 30

What are Polyplacophora?

Answer 30

Chitons that have eight calcium carbonate plates that forma a protective shell

Question 31

What are Cephalopoda?

Answer 31

Nautilus, Cuttlefish, Squid, Octopuses They have tentacles Have radula and beak Reproduction is done with a spermatophore packet

Question 32

What are defining characteristics of Onychophora?

Answer 32

limbs not jointed, no exoskeleton and small caterpillar-like organisms

Question 33

What are defining characteristics of Tardiagrada?

Answer 33

They are water bears, limbs are not joined, no exoskeleton

Question 34

What are Nematoda?

Answer 34

Roundworms | unsegmented worms with a pseudocoelom

Question 35

What are three groups of Arthropoda?

Answer 35

Myriapods, Chelicerata, and Insecta

Question 36

What are Myriapods?

Answer 36

Millipedes, Centipedes, have series of short segments, sexes are separate and fertilization is internal

Question 37

What are Chelicerata?

Answer 37

Spiders, Ticks, Mites. | They are named for chelicerae used for feeding, defense, copulation, movement, or sensory reception.

Question 38

What are Insecta?

Answer 38

Insects! | They have three body regions.

Question 39

Insecta Coleoptera:

Answer 39

Beetles (Sheath-winged) 350,000 species

Question 40

Insecta Lepidotera:

Answer 40

Butterflies, Moths (scale winged) 180,000 species

Question 41

Insecta Diptera:

Answer 41

flies (Two-winged) 120,000 species

Question 42

Insecta Hymenoptera:

Answer 42

ants, bees, wasps (membrane winged) 115,000 species

Question 43

Insecta Hemiptera:

Answer 43

Bugs (leaf hoppers) (Different-winged) 85,000

Question 44

Insecta Orthoptera:

Answer 44

Grasshoppers, crickets (Straight-winged) 20,000

Question 45

Insecta Trichoptera:

Answer 45

Caddisflies (hairy-winged) 12,000 species

Question 46

Insecta Odonata:

Answer 46

Dragonflies, damselflies (toothed) 6500 species

Question 47

What are Crustaceans?

Answer 47

Shrimp, Lobster, Crabs 67,000 species Cephalothorax and abdomen carapace platelike section of exoskeleton