protocols

Question 1

HTTP/S

Answer 1

used for client and server to and recieve requests and deliver HTML web pages.
secure adds on encryption and authentification

Hypertext Transfer Protocol/secure

Question 2

TCP/IP

Answer 2

TCP provides error free transmision between routers
IP routes packets across WAN

Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol

Question 3

UDP

Answer 3

used to send short messages using datagrams where speed is more important than accuracy

user datagram protocol

conntection ideal for online gaming

Question 4

FTP

Answer 4

used for sending files between computers, normally on WAN

Question 5

SMTP

Answer 5

transfers outgoing mail between servers and from email clients to servers

simple mail transsfer protocol

Question 6

POP

Answer 6

retrieves emails from a mail server and transfers them to your device, removing them from the server in the process

post office protocol

Question 7

IMAP

Answer 7

keeps emails on the mail server maintaining syncronicity between devices

internet message access protocol

Question 8

What is a network?

Answer 8

Two or more computers connected together that transmit data

Question 9

What are protocols?

Answer 9

Sets of rules defining how two devices communicate with each other

Question 10

Why are protocols standard?

Answer 10

Protocols are standard so devices from different manufacturers don’t have problems communicating

Question 11

Describe the structure of the Internet

Answer 11

The Internet is a global network of interconnected networks

Question 12

What is the function of the application layer during data transmission?

Answer 12

The Application Layer specifies what protocols need to be used to relate the application to what it’s being used for.

Question 13

What is the role of the transport layer during data transmission?

Answer 13

Establishes an end-to-end connection between the source and recipient computers. It also splits up the data into packets.

Question 14

What is the role of the network layer during data transmission?

Answer 14

Adds the source and destination IP address.

Question 15

What does the application layer do when it receives data?

Answer 15

Presents data in the form it was sent

Question 16

What does the transport layer do when it receives the data?

Answer 16

Removes the port number and reassembles the packets.

Question 17

What does the network layer do when it receives the data?

Answer 17

Removes the IP address

Question 18

What does the link layer do when it receives the data?

Answer 18

Removes the MAC addresses

Question 19

What is a Local Area Network?

Answer 19

A network spread over a small geographical area/ positioned on a single site

Question 20

What is a wide area network?

Answer 20

A network spread over a large geographical area, usually requiring extra hardware.

Question 21

What does DNS stand for?

Answer 21

Domain Name System

Question 22

What is DNS?

Answer 22

The name given to the method of naming internet resources. (.com, .uk etc)

Question 23

What is circuit switching?

Answer 23

The process of creating a direct link between two devices and transferring data the entire duration of the link.

Question 24

What is a requirement of circuit switching?

Answer 24

The transfer and download rates must be identical on both devices.

Question 25

What is packet switching?

Answer 25

A method of communicating packets of data across a network

Question 26

Give an advantage of packet switching

Answer 26

• Multiple methods to ensure data arrives correctly,
• Multiple methods to arrive to destination, if one breaks you
  can always go through another route.
• Transfer packets over a very large network

Question 27

Give a disadvantage of packet switching

Answer 27

• Time is spent deconstructing and reconstructing the packets

Question 28

Give an advantage of circuit switching

Answer 28

• Data arrives in logical order which results in a quicker reconstruction of data,
• Enables two users to hold a call without any delay in speech.