protocols Flashcards
HTTP/S
used for client and server to and recieve requests and deliver HTML web pages.
secure adds on encryption and authentification
Hypertext Transfer Protocol/secure
TCP/IP
TCP provides error free transmision between routers
IP routes packets across WAN
Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
UDP
used to send short messages using datagrams where speed is more important than accuracy
user datagram protocol
conntection ideal for online gaming
FTP
used for sending files between computers, normally on WAN
SMTP
transfers outgoing mail between servers and from email clients to servers
simple mail transsfer protocol
POP
retrieves emails from a mail server and transfers them to your device, removing them from the server in the process
post office protocol
IMAP
keeps emails on the mail server maintaining syncronicity between devices
internet message access protocol
What is a network?
Two or more computers connected together that transmit data
What are protocols?
Sets of rules defining how two devices communicate with each other
Why are protocols standard?
Protocols are standard so devices from different manufacturers don’t have problems communicating
Describe the structure of the Internet
The Internet is a global network of interconnected networks
What is the function of the application layer during data transmission?
The Application Layer specifies what protocols need to be used to relate the application to what it’s being used for.
What is the role of the transport layer during data transmission?
Establishes an end-to-end connection between the source and recipient computers. It also splits up the data into packets.
What is the role of the network layer during data transmission?
Adds the source and destination IP address.
What does the application layer do when it receives data?
Presents data in the form it was sent
What does the transport layer do when it receives the data?
Removes the port number and reassembles the packets.
What does the network layer do when it receives the data?
Removes the IP address
What does the link layer do when it receives the data?
Removes the MAC addresses
What is a Local Area Network?
A network spread over a small geographical area/ positioned on a single site
What is a wide area network?
A network spread over a large geographical area, usually requiring extra hardware.
What does DNS stand for?
Domain Name System
What is DNS?
The name given to the method of naming internet resources. (.com, .uk etc)
What is circuit switching?
The process of creating a direct link between two devices and transferring data the entire duration of the link.
What is a requirement of circuit switching?
The transfer and download rates must be identical on both devices.
What is packet switching?
A method of communicating packets of data across a network
Give an advantage of packet switching
- Multiple methods to ensure data arrives correctly,
- Multiple methods to arrive to destination, if one breaks you
can always go through another route. - Transfer packets over a very large network
Give a disadvantage of packet switching
- Time is spent deconstructing and reconstructing the packets
Give an advantage of circuit switching
- Data arrives in logical order which results in a quicker reconstruction of data,
- Enables two users to hold a call without any delay in speech.
