Protists 1 Flashcards
Supergroup
smaller than domain, bigger than kingdom
Excavata (supergroup)
flagella (2-6 or more), excavated feeding groove
Phylum Euglenozoa
crystalline rod pattern in flagella
Class Kinetoplastida: Single large mitochondria, Trypanosoma (African sleeping sickness)
Class Euglenoidea: 2 flagella, Ex: Euglena
SAR supergroup
Stramenopiles, Alveolates, Rhizarians
Alveolata (unranked)
Membrane enclosed sacs (alveoli) under
plasma membrane
Phylum Dinoflagellata and Phylum Apicomplexa and Phylum Ciliophora
Phylum Dinoflagellata
“Dinoflagellates”, notorious for red tides, bioluminescence, and producing toxins
Phylum Apicomplexa
parasites, Ex: plasmodium (Malaria),
Cycle of Malaria
mosquito -> human, infects:
1st) liver
2nd) red blood cells
Phylum Ciliophora
move/feed with cilia, contain 2 nucleus: micronucleus (can be exchanged to increase genetic diversity), and macronucleus
Ex: Paramecium, Stentor, Vorticella
Phylum Heterokontophyta (supergroup)
(Stramenopiles), flagellum with hair-like projections
Class Bacillariophycea and Class Crysophycea and Class Phaeophyceae
Class Bacillariophycea
“Diatoms”, phytoplankton (photosynthetic drifters), live in glass shells (silica), sexual reproduction is caused by decreasing size and reaching a certain “smallness” threshold
Class Crysophycea
“Golden Algae”, mixotrophs
Class Phaeophyceae
“Brown Algae”, Ex: Kelp, perform alteration of generations.
Life cycle: zoospore (1n) -> gametophyte (1n) -> sperm/egg (1n) -> fertilization -> zygote (2n) -> sporophyte (2n) -> meiosis
The Rhizaria (unranked)
thread/hair-like extensions of cytoplasm (pseudopodia)
Phylum Radiolaria and Phylum Foraminifera
Phylum Radiolaria
“Radiolarians”, glass shells (silica), considered phytoplankton since photosynthetic, high surface area to catch current and photosynthesize more in ocean
Phylum Foraminifera
“Forams”, calcium carbonate shells
