Kingdom Fungi Flashcards
Fungi
decomposers, parasites, mutualisms
Fungi comparison with plants and animals
chemoheterotrophs, has a cell wall (plant-like) made of chitin (animal-like)
Connection with Nucleariids
Protist ancestor to fungi
Invasion of land
460 mya
Mutualism between plants and fungi
Mycorrhizal interactions
Ex: nutrient exchange
Yeast
unicellular fungus
Hypha(e)
fungal filament
Mycelium
collection of all the hypae
Mold
2-D mycelium, sexual reproduction is rare
Septate
cellular divisions, through plasmogamy creates a dikaryotic cell (n+n)
Coenocytic
no cellular divisons, through plasmogamy creates a heterokaryotic cell (n+n)
Haustoria
specialized hypha that facilitates mycorrhizal interactions
Fungi reproduction
asexual or sexual, uses smell to find mate
Plasmogamy
union/mixing of the cytoplasms
Karyogamy
fusion of nuclei (2n)
Phylum Chytridiomycota
“Chytrids”, flagellated spore allows movement (zoospore), most primitive/ancient
Ex: connection to amphibian declines, causes skin disease
Phylum Zygomycota
important in food spoilage (bread mold), sporangia holds spores
Phylum Glomeromycota
almost exclusively mycorrhizal
Phylum Ascomycota
“sac fungi”, often have a crinulated cap, asexual spores NOT inside sporangia
Ex: truffles
Phylum Basidiomycota
no asexual reproduction, Ex: basidium and basidiocarp (smooth cap)
Lichen
mutualism between fungus (ascomycota)
