protista

Question 1

what are chrysophytes

Answer 1

diatoms and desmids

Question 2

how do diatoms float

Answer 2

due to light weight lipids

Question 3

what are frustules

Answer 3

transparent siliceous shell of chrysophytes

Question 4

what are the pigments present in diatoms and desmids

Answer 4

chlorophyll a
chlorophyll c
fucoxanthin
diatoxanthin
diadinoxanthin
beta-carotene

Question 5

what is the reserve food material in chrysophytes

Answer 5

oil
leucosin (chrysolaminarin)
volutin granules

Question 6

how much % of total organic matter is produced by chrysophytes

Answer 6

50

Question 7

chrysophytes have resting spores called

Answer 7

statospores (centric diatoms)

Question 8

examples of chrysophytes

Answer 8

triceratium
melosira
cymbella
navicula

Question 9

what are the other names of dinoflagellates

Answer 9

pyrrophyta
golden brown algae
dynophyceae
armoured dinoflagellates
whirling whips

Question 10

describe the flagella in dinoflagellates

Answer 10

heterokont
longitudinal one is narrow, smooth and directed posteriorly
transverse one is ribbon like and produces spinning movements

Question 11

pigments in dinoflagellates

Answer 11

chl-a,c
alpha,beta carotene
xanthophyll (peridinin)

Question 12

reserve food in dinoflagellates

Answer 12

carbs and oils

Question 13

reproduction in dinoflagellates

Answer 13

mesokaryon (nuclear envelope and nucleolus are seen even during division)
mostly asexual
iso and anisogamy sexual rep are reported in ceratium
zygotic meiosis (gymodium, ceratium)
gametic meiosis (noctiluca)

Question 14

bioluminescent dino

Answer 14

noctiluca
pyrodinium
pyrocystis

Question 15

saxitoxin

Answer 15

gymnodium catenella causes shell fish poisoning in man

Question 16

red tide

Answer 16

gonyaulax, gymnodium

Question 17

describe flagella of euglena

Answer 17

heterokont
long tinsel like (stichonomatic)
the area of union of the flagella is the photosensitive paraflagellar body

Question 18

explain motion in euglenoids

Answer 18

there are oblique but parallel strips in pellicle called myonemes
creeping motion is carried out by contraction and expansion of myonemes called metaboly

Question 19

explain digestion in euglenoids

Answer 19

the apical end of the cell has an invagination with 3 parts
cytostome (mouth)
cytopharynx (gullet)
reservoir

Question 20

explain photosensation in euglenoids

Answer 20

stigma/eye spot is attached to the membrane of the reservoir at the level of the paraflagellar body
it contains a pigment called astaxanthin with is red orange

Question 21

nutrition in euglenoids

Answer 21

photoautotrophic (euglena viridis)
holozoic (paranema)
saprobic (rhabdomonas)

Question 22

pigments in euglenoids

Answer 22

chl-a,b
xanthophyll
beta carotene

Question 23

reserve food in euglenoids

Answer 23

paramylon

Question 24

reproduction in euglenoids

Answer 24

fav- binary fission
unfav- palmella, cyst for perennation

Question 25

what are the other names of slime moulds

Answer 25

myxomycetes
mycetozoa (debary)
gymnomycota
protistan fungi

Question 26

stages where slime moulds resemble plants and animals

Answer 26

vegetative phase- animals
reproductive phase- plants

Question 27

stages where slime moulds resemble plants and animals

Answer 27

vegetative phase- animals (no cell wall)
reproductive phase- plants (spores have cell wall)

Question 28

examples of slime moulds

Answer 28

dictyostelium, polysphondilium

Question 29

flagellated protozoan

Answer 29

trypanosoma gambiense (sleeping sickness)