Protist, Plant, Fungi vocabulary

Question 1

Protist

Answer 1

An organism that belongs to the kingdom Protista.

Question 2

Heterotroph

Answer 2

An organism that gets food by eating other organisms or their byproducts and that they cannot make organic compounds from inorganic materials.

Question 3

Eukaryote

Answer 3

An organism consisting of a cell or cells in which the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes contained within a distinct nucleus. Eukaryotes include all living organisms other than the eubacteria and archaebacteria.

Question 4

Decomposer

Answer 4

An organism, especially a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that decomposes organic material.

Question 5

Parasite

Answer 5

An organism that feeds on an organisms of another species (the host) and that usually harms the host; the host never benefits from the presence of the parasite.

Question 6

Host

Answer 6

An organism from which a parasite takes food or shelter.

Question 7

Fungi

Answer 7

A fungus is a eukaryotic organism.

Question 8

Spore

Answer 8

a minute, typically one-celled, reproductive unit capable of giving rise to a new individual without sexual fusion, characteristic of lower plants, fungi, and protozoans.

Question 9

Lichen

Answer 9

a simple slow-growing plant that typically forms a low crusty, leaflike, or branching growth on rocks, walls, and trees.

Question 10

Nonvascular plant

Answer 10

Nonvascular plants belong to the division Bryophyta, which includes mosses, liverworts, and hornworts.

Question 11

Vascular plant

Answer 11

a plant that is characterized by the presence of conducting tissue.

Question 12

Gymnosperm

Answer 12

a plant that has seeds unprotected by an ovary or fruit. Gymnosperms include the conifers, cycads, and ginkgo.

Question 13

Angiosperm

Answer 13

a plant that has flowers and produces seeds enclosed within a carpel. The angiosperms are a large group and include herbaceous plants, shrubs, grasses, and most trees.

Question 14

Photosynthesis

Answer 14

the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a byproduct.

Question 15

Cellular respiration

Answer 15

Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products.

Question 16

Transpiration

Answer 16

Transpiration is the process by which moisture is carried through plants from roots to small pores on the underside of leaves, where it changes to vapor and is released to the atmosphere.

Question 17

Tropism

Answer 17

the turning of all or part of an organism in a particular direction in response to an external stimulus.

Question 18

Gravitropism

Answer 18

Gravitropism (also known as geotropism) is a coordinated process of differential growth by a plant or fungus in response to gravity pulling on it.

Question 19

Phototropism

Answer 19

the orientation of a plant or other organism in response to light, either toward the source of light ( positive phototropism ) or away from it ( negative phototropism ).

Question 20

Asexual Reproduction

Answer 20

Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single organism, and inherit the genes of that parent only.

Question 21

Toxoplasmosis

Answer 21

A disease that results from infection with the Toxoplasma gondii parasite.

Question 22

Malaria

Answer 22

A disease caused by a plasmodium parasite, transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes.

Question 23

Giardia

Answer 23

An intestinal infection caused by a giardia parasite.