Protist, Plant and Fungi

Question 1

Protist

Answer 1

an organism that belongs to the kingdom Protista

Question 2

Heterotroph

Answer 2

an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances

Question 3

Eukaryote

Answer 3

an organism consisting of a cell or cells in which the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes contained within a distinct nucleus. Eukaryotes include all living organisms other than the eubacteria and archaebacteria

Question 4

Decomposer

Answer 4

an organism, especially a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that decomposes organic material

Question 5

Parasite

Answer 5

an organism that lives in or on an organism of another species (its host) and benefits by deriving nutrients at the other’s expense

Question 6

Host

Answer 6

An organism from which a parasite takes food or shelter

Question 7

Fungi

Answer 7

any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms

Question 8

Spore

Answer 8

a minute, typically one-celled, reproductive unit capable of giving rise to a new individual without sexual fusion, characteristic of lower plants, fungi, and protozoans

Question 9

Lichen

Answer 9

a simple slow-growing plant that typically forms a low crusty, leaflike, or branching growth on rocks, walls, and trees

Question 10

Nonvascular plant

Answer 10

are plants without a vascular system consisting of xylem and phloem

Question 11

Vascular plant

Answer 11

a plant that is characterized by the presence of conducting tissue

Question 12

Gymnosperm

Answer 12

a plant that has seeds unprotected by an ovary or fruit. Gymnosperms include the conifers, cycads, and ginkgo

Question 13

Angiosperm

Answer 13

a plant that has flowers and produces seeds enclosed within a carpel. The angiosperms are a large group and include herbaceous plants, shrubs, grasses, and most trees

Question 14

Photosynthesis

Answer 14

the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water

Question 15

Cellular respiration

Answer 15

is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products

Question 16

Transpiration

Answer 16

is the process by which moisture is carried through plants from roots to small pores on the underside of leaves, where it changes to vapor and is released to the atmosphere

Question 17

Tropism

Answer 17

the turning of all or part of an organism in a particular direction in response to an external stimulus

Question 18

Gravitropism

Answer 18

is a coordinated process of differential growth by a plant or fungus in response to gravity pulling on it

Question 19

Phototropism

Answer 19

the orientation of a plant or other organism in response to light, either toward the source of light

Question 20

Asexual Reproduction

Answer 20

is a type of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single organism, and inherit the genes of that parent only

Question 21

Toxoplasmosis

Answer 21

A disease that results from infection with the Toxoplasma gondii parasite

Question 22

Malaria

Answer 22

A disease caused by a plasmodium parasite, transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes

Question 23

Giardia

Answer 23

An intestinal infection caused by a giardia parasite