Bacteria and Virus

Question 1

Prokaryote

Answer 1

an organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus

Question 2

Bacilli

Answer 2

a taxonomic class of bacteria that includes two orders, Bacillales and Lactobacillales, which contain several well-known pathogens such as Bacillus anthracis

Question 3

Cocci

Answer 3

any spherical or roughly spherical bacterium.

Question 4

Spirilla

Answer 4

a rigid spiral bacterium that is Gram-negative and frequently has external amphitrichous or lophotrichous flagella.

Question 5

Binary Fission

Answer 5

a kind of asexual reproduction. It is the most common form of reproduction in prokaryotes such as bacteria.

Question 6

Endospore

Answer 6

a resistant asexual spore that develops inside some bacteria cells.

Question 7

Nitrogen fixation

Answer 7

the chemical processes by which atmospheric nitrogen is assimilated into organic compounds, especially by certain microorganisms as part of the nitrogen cycle.

Question 8

Bioremediation

Answer 8

the use of either naturally occurring or deliberately introduced microorganisms or other forms of life to consume and break down environmental pollutants, in order to clean up a polluted site.

Question 9

Antibiotic

Answer 9

An antibiotic is a type of antimicrobial substance active against bacteria and is the most important type of antibacterial agent for fighting bacterial infections.

Question 10

Pathogenic bacteria

Answer 10

are bacteria that can cause disease. This article deals with human pathogenic bacteria.

Question 11

Virus

Answer 11

a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms.

Question 12

Host

Answer 12

response is the process by which the host interacts with, and responds to, bacteria that colonize or infect it. This includes defense mechanisms such as the immune response.