Proteins - MIDTERMS

Question 1

most abundant in nearly all cells

Answer 1

Proteins

Question 2

a naturally occurring, unbranched polymer in which the monomer units are amino acids

Answer 2

Protein

Question 3

What are the four elements always present in the protein?

Answer 3

Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), and Nitrogen (N)

Question 4

Proteins are naturally occurring unbranched polymers in which the monomers are ____?

Answer 4

amino acids

Question 5

This is an organic compound that contains both an amino (-NH2) group and a carboxyl (-COOH) group.

Answer 5

amino acids

Question 6

What group or structure of the amino acid differentiates or distinguishes α-amino acids from each other (physically and chemically)

Answer 6

R group or side chain

Question 7

How many naturally occurring amino acids are known?

Answer 7

700

Question 8

How many standard amino acids are there

Answer 8

20

Question 9

What are the four (4) categories of the classification system in the standard amino acids?

Answer 9

(1) nonpolar
(2) polar neutral
(3) polar acidic
(4) polar basic

Question 10

an amino acid chain that contains (1) one amino and carboxyl group, and a nonpolar side chain

Answer 10

nonpolar amino acids

Question 11

hydrophobic: generally found in the interior of the proteins, where there is limited contact with water

Answer 11

nonpolar amino acids

Question 12

how many nonpolar amino acids are there?

Answer 12

9

Question 13

What is the borderline member of the nonpolar amino acids group as water can still weakly interact through hydrogen bonding due to the NH ring location on the side chain?

Answer 13

Tryptophan

Question 14

What nonpolar amino acid has a structural formula not found in any other standard amino acid because of its side chain that is bonded to both the α-carbon atom and the amino nitrogen atom, giving a cyclic side chain?

Answer 14

Proline (Pro, P)