Proteins-fibrous proteins Flashcards
What two categories do the 3D tertiary and quaternary structure of proteins fall into
fibrous and globular proteins
What are three properties of FIBROUS PROTEINS
-insoluble in water and unreactive due to high proportion of amino acids with hydrophobic
R groups.
-limited range of amino acids since they have small R groups.
-Their amino acid sequence is repetitive and long which promotes secondary structures forming.
What do hydrophobic R groups allow fibrous proteins to do
allows the proteins to pack closely together via clustering in the interior of the protein which overall allows long straight fibres to form
What do the properties of fibrous proteins allow them to form
Fibres with structural functions
Define the term fibrous protein
Has a relatively long thing structure , insoluble in water and metabolically inactive , often having a structural role in an organism
Functions of collagen:How does it provide mechanical strength to the artery walls ?
In artery walls, a layer of collagen prevents the artery bursting when withstanding high pressure from blood being pumped by the heart.
-Tendons are made of collagen and connect muscles to bones, allowing them to pull on bones.
Where is collagen found
skin ligaments tendons and bones
what does collagen do
hold tissue together
Functions of collagen:How does it provide mechanical strength to tendons
Tendons are made of collagen and connect muscles to bones, allowing them to pull on bones.
Functions of collagen:how does it provide mechanical strength to bones
Bones are made from collagen, and then reinforced with calcium phosphate, which makes them hard.
Functions of collagen:how does it provide mechanical strength to cartilage and connective tissue
Cartilage and connective tissue are made of collagen which provides a scaffold for their cells , helping them maintain their shape and position.
Where is elastin found
In elastic fibres in the walls of blood vessels, the alveoli in the lungs, the skin and the bladder
What does elastin do
It gives structures strength and flexibility to expand but also to return to normal size , it stretch’s and recoils.
Functions of elastin : how does it help skin
Skin would not go back to normal after being stretched because the only reason skin can stretch around our bones and muscles is because of elastin
Functions of elastin: How does it help blood vessels
It helps them stretch and recoil as blood is pumped through them which helps maintain pressure.
Functions of elastin: How does it help the bladder
It helps it expand to hold urine
Functions of elastin: How does it help the lungs
It allows them to deflate and inflate via keeping the alveoli open and preventing them from collapsing , this ensures the alveoli can easily inflate and deflate.
Where is keratin found
Hair , the skins outer layer , nails , hoofs , horns ect. Its found wherever a body part needs to be tough
Why does keratin have so many disulphide bridges
because it is rich in the amino acid cysteine
What makes keratin inflexible
hydrogen bonding and disulphide
What does keratin provide
mechanical protection, an impermeable barrier to infection and makes the structure its found in water proof which prevents entry of water borne pollutants.
