Proteins & Enzymes 2 Flashcards
Define potential energy.
Energy that is stored e.g. Chemical bonds, concentration gradient, charge imbalance etc…
Define kinetic energy.
The energy of movement.
Define metabolism.
Sun total of all chemical reactions in an organism.
Define anabolic reactions.
Complex molecules are made from simple molecules; energy input is required.
Define catabolic reactions.
Complex molecules are broken down to simpler ones and energy is released.
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
Energy is neither created nor destroyed.
What is the second law of thermodynamics?
When energy is converted from one form to another, some of that energy becomes unavailable to do work.
Define entropy.
A measure of the disorder in a system.
Define free energy (G).
Enthalpy (H) - Temperature (T) x Entropy (S).
Define exergonic reactions.
Reactions which release free energy.
Define endergonic reactions.
Reactions which consume free energy.
What is the value of G at chemical equilibrium?
0.
Define activation energy.
The amount of energy required to start the reaction.
What bonds are used the enzyme-substrate complex?
Hydrogen bonds, electrical attraction or covalent bonds.
What mechanisms may an enzyme use in catalysing a reaction?
- Orientation
- Physical strain
- Chemical change.
