Defence-Immune System 2 Flashcards
What are effector T cells?
- Type of daughter cells produced by activated lymphocytes (B or T cells)
- They release cytokines.
What are memory cells?
They live longer and retain the ability to divide quickly to produce more effector and more memory cells.
What is a primary and secondary immune response?
- PIR is when the body encounters an antigen for the first time
- SIR is when the antigen appears again. Response is much more rapid because of immunological memory.
What is vaccination?
It is inoculation with whole pathogens that have been modified so they cannot cause disease.
What is immunisation?
It is inoculation with antigenic proteins, pathogen fragments, or other molecular antigens.
What is autoimmune disease?
When the body is not tolerant of its own molecules.
What are immunoglobulins?
They are antibody molecules made up of one or more tetramers consisting of four polypeptide chains.
Where are class I MHC proteins found?
They are present on the surface of every nucleated cell in animals and present antigens from intracellular pathogens such as viruses.
Where are class II MHC proteins found?
They are present on antigen presenting cells and present antigens processed in the phagocytic pathway.
What are effector B/plasma cells?
- Type of daughter cell produced by activated lymphocytes (B or T cells)
- They produce antibodies.
