Cell As A Factory 1

Question 1

Define monosaccharides.

Answer 1

Simple sugars.

Question 2

Define disaccharides.

Answer 2

Two simple sugars linked by covalent bonds.

Question 3

Define oligosaccharides.

Answer 3

3 - 20 monosaccharides.

Question 4

Define polysaccharides.

Answer 4

100s - 1000s of monosaccharides e.g. Starch, glycogen, cellulose.

Question 5

What are hexoses and pentoses?

Answer 5

Monosaccharides have different numbers of carbons. Hexoses have six and pentoses have five.

Question 6

Describe the bonding between monosaccharides?

Answer 6

Bind together in condensation reactions to form glycosidic linkages.

Question 7

Define lipids.

Answer 7

Non-polar hydrocarbons. Van der Waals forces hold them together.

Question 8

What is the role of fats and oils?

Answer 8

Store energy.

Question 9

What is the role of phospholipids?

Answer 9

Structural role in cell membranes.

Question 10

What is the role of carotenoids and chlorophylls?

Answer 10

Capture light energy in plants.

Question 11

What is the role of steroids and modified fatty acids.

Answer 11

Hormones and vitamins.

Question 12

Define amphipathic.

Answer 12

Have opposing chemical properties e.g. Fatty acids, phospholipids.

Question 13

Give the general formula and functions of carbohydrates.

Answer 13

Cn(H2O)n
•Source of stored energy.
•Transport stored energy.
•Carbon skeletons for many other molecules.