Proteins + Enzymes

Question 1

What are proteins

Answer 1

chemicals found in all living cells

Question 2

How are proteins formed?

Answer 2

when small units called amino acids join together

Question 3

How is a shape of a protein decided

Answer 3

the arrangement or order of the amino acids it is made of

Question 4

What are the 5 types of proteins?

Answer 4

Structural
Hormones
Enzymes
Antibodies
Receptors

Question 5

What do structural proteins do

Answer 5

support cells and their structures

Question 6

What are examples of structural proteins

Answer 6

Keratin and Colagen

Question 7

What are hormones

Answer 7

A chemical MESSENGER which is carried around the body in the blood (Like Insulin)

Question 8

What are enzymes

Answer 8

proteins involved in speeding up chemical reactions (Amylase breaks down starch)

Question 9

What do Antibodies do

Answer 9

Fight disease causing organisms (pathogens)

Question 10

What are Receptors

Answer 10

proteins on the cell surface that have specific shapes to allow hormones to bind to them

Question 11

What does the SAM enzyme do?

Answer 11

breaks down starch with the help of amylase to produce maltese

Question 12

What does the enzyme HPCOW do

Answer 12

breaks down hydrogen peroxide with the help of catalase to produce oxygen and water

Question 13

What does the Enzyme FLAG do

Answer 13

breaks down fat with the help of lipase to produce fatty acids and glycarol

Question 14

What does the enzyme P3 do?

Answer 14

breaks down protein with the help of pepsin to produce peptides

Question 15

What does the enzyme G1PPS do

Answer 15

builds up glucose-1-phosphate with the help of phosphorylase to make starch

Question 16

Why are enzymes described as biological catalysts?

Answer 16

speed up reactions in living cells

Question 17

What is the substance an enzyme works on called?

Answer 17

substrate

Question 18

What happens after an enzyme reaction takes place?

Answer 18

a product is formed

Question 19

What is an enzymes odd area of their structure called

Answer 19

active site

Question 20

What does an active site do

Answer 20

it compliments the shape of the substrate it acts upon due to its particular shape

Question 21

This property of an Enzyme means it can only act upon one substrate

Answer 21

specific

Question 22

What kind of reactions are enzymes involved in?

Answer 22

degradation or synthesis

Question 23

What factors can affect enzymes?

Answer 23

temperature and pH

Question 24

What can temperature and pH do

Answer 24

slow down or speed up a reaction. even stop it completely.

Question 25

What is the condition in which the enzyme is most active in called?

Answer 25

optimim

Question 26

What do enzymes in the human body have an optimum of

Answer 26

37 (body temperature)

Question 27

When is the rate of an enzyme reaction at its highest

Answer 27

at an optimum temperature or pH

Question 28

What happens to an enzyme reaction at a low activity

Answer 28

it gets a slow reaction

Question 29

What happens to an enzyme reaction at a high temperature

Answer 29

decreases rapidly and stops

Question 30

What temperature will enzymes stop working at?

Answer 30

45 degrees since enzymes and proteins are damaged by heat

Question 31

What can change the shape of an enzyme and it’s active site

Answer 31

high temperatures + extremes of pH

Question 32

Can a denatured enzyme be reversed

Answer 32

no

Question 33

Enzymes are found in all living cells. name 2 other features of enzymes

Answer 33

Biological Catalysts
Made of Protein
Remain Chemically Unchanged
Have an optimum state
Can speed up reactions

Question 34

Name 2 types of Reactions that enzymes can be involved in

Answer 34

Degradation+synthesis

Question 35

examples of enzymes involved in degradation (breakdown) reactions

Answer 35

amylase
Catalyses
lipase
pepsin

Question 36

example of an enzyme involved in a synthesis (build up) reaction

Answer 36

phosphorylase